Description: Homo sapiens polyhomeotic homolog 2 (Drosophila) (PHC2), transcript variant 1, mRNA. RefSeq Summary (NM_198040): In Drosophila melanogaster, the 'Polycomb' group (PcG) of genes are part of a cellular memory system that is responsible for the stable inheritance of gene activity. PcG proteins form a large multimeric, chromatin-associated protein complex. The protein encoded by this gene has homology to the Drosophila PcG protein 'polyhomeotic' (Ph) and is known to heterodimerize with EDR1 and colocalize with BMI1 in interphase nuclei of human cells. The specific function in human cells has not yet been determined. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]. Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg19 chr1:33,789,224-33,841,194 Size: 51,971 Total Exon Count: 14 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg19 chr1:33,790,466-33,841,140 Size: 50,675 Coding Exon Count: 14
ID:PHC2_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Polyhomeotic-like protein 2; Short=hPH2; AltName: Full=Early development regulatory protein 2; FUNCTION: Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1- like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development. PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. SUBUNIT: Component of a PRC1-like complex. Interacts with CBX4. Interacts with BMI1, PCGF2, PHC1 and RNF2 (By similarity). Interacts with N-terminal region of the SP1 transcription factor and with MAPKAPK2. INTERACTION: Q96EZ8:MCRS1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-713786, EBI-348259; P53350:PLK1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-713786, EBI-476768; P08047:SP1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-713786, EBI-298336; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. DOMAIN: HD1 motif interacts with SAM domain of PHC1. PTM: Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR. MISCELLANEOUS: The hPRC-H complex purification reported by PubMed:12167701 probably presents a mixture of different PRC1-like complexes. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 FCS-type zinc finger. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAH68573.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened; Sequence=AAH92492.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened; Sequence=CAI13956.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
Pfam Domains: PF00536 - SAM domain (Sterile alpha motif) PF07647 - SAM domain (Sterile alpha motif) PF16616 - Unstructured region on Polyhomeotic-like protein 1 and 2
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q8IXK0
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
