Description: Homo sapiens mitochondrial ribosomal protein L21 (MRPL21), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein, transcript variant 1, mRNA. RefSeq Summary (NM_181515): Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms were identified through sequence analysis although some may be subject to nonsense-mediated decay (NMD). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]. Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg19 chr11:68,658,746-68,671,303 Size: 12,558 Total Exon Count: 7 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg19 chr11:68,658,799-68,664,123 Size: 5,325 Coding Exon Count: 4
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
Pfam Domains: PF00829 - Ribosomal prokaryotic L21 protein
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q7Z2W9
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
BC055088 - Homo sapiens mitochondrial ribosomal protein L21, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:62013 IMAGE:6457142), complete cds. AK096756 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ39437 fis, clone PROST2005067. HQ447654 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100071000; CCSB013321_04 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L21 (MRPL21) gene, encodes complete protein. KJ900456 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_09850 MRPL21 gene, encodes complete protein. CU691112 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100022359 5' read MRPL21 mRNA. JD174785 - Sequence 155809 from Patent EP1572962. AK301989 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ52689 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens mitochondrial ribosomal protein L21 (MRPL21), transcript variant 4, mRNA. JD375701 - Sequence 356725 from Patent EP1572962. JD410145 - Sequence 391169 from Patent EP1572962. JD142201 - Sequence 123225 from Patent EP1572962. JD142200 - Sequence 123224 from Patent EP1572962. JD479856 - Sequence 460880 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein Q7Z2W9 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-5389839 39S subunit binds 28S subunit:mRNA:fMet-tRNA R-HSA-5419273 Hydrolysis of GTP and dissociation of 28S and 39S subunits R-HSA-5389848 TUFM:GTP:aminoacyl-tRNA binds 55S ribosome:mRNA:fMet-tRNA R-HSA-5389857 Peptide transfer from P-site to A-site (peptide bond formation) R-HSA-5389842 TUFM hydrolyzes GTP and TUFM:GDP dissociates from 55S ribosome R-HSA-5419261 55S ribosome with peptidyl-tRNA in A site binds GFM1:GTP R-HSA-5419281 MRRF binds 55S ribosome:mRNA:tRNA R-HSA-5419279 Translocation of peptidyl-tRNA from A-site to P-site (and translocation of 55S ribosome by 3 bases along mRNA) R-HSA-5419264 MTRF1L (MTRF1a) or ICT1 binds stop codon in 55S ribosome:mRNA:peptidyl-tRNA R-HSA-5419277 GFM2:GTP binds 55S ribosome:mRNA:tRNA:MRRF releasing mRNA and tRNA R-HSA-5368286 Mitochondrial translation initiation R-HSA-5419276 Mitochondrial translation termination R-HSA-5368287 Mitochondrial translation R-HSA-5389840 Mitochondrial translation elongation R-HSA-72766 Translation R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins
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