ID:RPA34_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA34; AltName: Full=A34.5; AltName: Full=Antisense to ERCC-1 protein; Short=ASE-1; AltName: Full=CD3-epsilon-associated protein; Short=CAST; Short=CD3E-associated protein; AltName: Full=RNA polymerase I-associated factor PAF49; FUNCTION: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors. Isoform 1 is involved in UBTF-activated transcription, presumably at a step following PIC formation. FUNCTION: Isoform 2 has been described as a component of preformed T-cell receptor (TCR) complex. SUBUNIT: Component of the RNA polymerase I (Pol I) complex consisting of at least 13 subunits. Interacts with TAF1A thereby associates with the SL1 complex. Interacts with UBTF. Interacts with POLR1E/PRAF1 through its N-terminal region (By similarity). Isoform 2 interacts with CD3E. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. Chromosome. Note=Found at the fibrillar centers of the nucleolus in interphase and during cell division it is localized to the nucleolus organizer regions of the chromosomes. PTM: Isoform 2 undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation upon T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation. This phosphorylation has not been confirmed by other group. PTM: Isoform 1 is phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in initiation-competent Pol I-beta complexes but not in Pol I-alpha complexes. PTM: Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR. MISCELLANEOUS: It is in an antisense orientation to and overlaps the gene of the DNA repair enzyme ERCC1. This gene overlap is conserved in mouse suggesting an important biologic function. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPA34 RNA polymerase subunit family. CAUTION: It is not known whether the so-called human ASE1 and human CAST proteins represent two sides of a single gene product with sharply different functional characteristics. Experiments done with the mouse homolog protein are in favor of an implication of this gene in rRNA transcription instead of T-cell receptor signaling.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
Pfam Domains: PF08208 - DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA34.5
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on O15446
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
U86751 - Human nucleolar fibrillar center protein (ASE-1) mRNA, complete cds. BC054044 - Homo sapiens CD3e molecule, epsilon associated protein, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:6166782), partial cds. BC046141 - Homo sapiens CD3e molecule, epsilon associated protein, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:5581697), partial cds. BC108889 - Homo sapiens CD3e molecule, epsilon associated protein, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:118851 IMAGE:40001010), complete cds. JD450919 - Sequence 431943 from Patent EP1572962. JD127335 - Sequence 108359 from Patent EP1572962. AK292183 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ75784 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens CD3E antigen, epsilon polypeptide associated protein (CD3EAP), mRNA. BC009705 - Homo sapiens CD3e molecule, epsilon associated protein, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:3901859), partial cds. BC028109 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:5249001, containing frame-shift errors. BC065251 - Homo sapiens CD3e molecule, epsilon associated protein, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:6140210). JD283132 - Sequence 264156 from Patent EP1572962. JD231453 - Sequence 212477 from Patent EP1572962. AF017633 - Homo sapiens CD3e-associated protein (CAST) mRNA, complete cds. BC038992 - Homo sapiens CD3e molecule, epsilon associated protein, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:47680 IMAGE:6052122), complete cds. EU446938 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100069957; IMAGE:100012147; FLH257135.01L CD3e molecule, epsilon associated protein (CD3EAP) gene, encodes complete protein. JD370411 - Sequence 351435 from Patent EP1572962. JD530525 - Sequence 511549 from Patent EP1572962. JD437727 - Sequence 418751 from Patent EP1572962. JD316317 - Sequence 297341 from Patent EP1572962. JD466302 - Sequence 447326 from Patent EP1572962. JD064539 - Sequence 45563 from Patent EP1572962. JD264680 - Sequence 245704 from Patent EP1572962. JD134466 - Sequence 115490 from Patent EP1572962. JD131718 - Sequence 112742 from Patent EP1572962. JD514069 - Sequence 495093 from Patent EP1572962. JD460170 - Sequence 441194 from Patent EP1572962. JD242428 - Sequence 223452 from Patent EP1572962. JD051628 - Sequence 32652 from Patent EP1572962. JD321976 - Sequence 303000 from Patent EP1572962. JD220947 - Sequence 201971 from Patent EP1572962. JD489452 - Sequence 470476 from Patent EP1572962. JD070251 - Sequence 51275 from Patent EP1572962. JD303873 - Sequence 284897 from Patent EP1572962. JD101306 - Sequence 82330 from Patent EP1572962. JD251845 - Sequence 232869 from Patent EP1572962. JD311614 - Sequence 292638 from Patent EP1572962. JD538713 - Sequence 519737 from Patent EP1572962. JD040258 - Sequence 21282 from Patent EP1572962. JD374378 - Sequence 355402 from Patent EP1572962. JD113029 - Sequence 94053 from Patent EP1572962. JD323454 - Sequence 304478 from Patent EP1572962. JD347798 - Sequence 328822 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein O15446 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-73865 Assembly of RNA Polymerase I Holoenzyme (human) R-HSA-73757 Binding of RRN3 to RNA Polymerase I R-HSA-5250947 B-WICH complex binds rDNA promoter R-HSA-73758 Recruitment of Active RNA Polymerase I to SL1:phos.UBF-1:rDNA Promoter R-HSA-74994 Polymerase I Transcription Complex/Nascent Pre rRNA Complex pauses at the TTF-I:Sal Box R-HSA-73769 Loss of Rrn3 from RNA Polymerase I promoter escape complex R-HSA-74992 Dissociation of PTRF:Polymerase I/Nascent Pre rRNA Complex:TTF-I:Sal Box R-HSA-5250930 B-WICH recruits histone acetyltransferases R-HSA-74993 PTRF Binds the Polymerase I Transcription Complex/Nascent Pre rRNA Complex paused at the TTF-I:Sal Box R-HSA-74986 Elongation of pre-rRNA transcript R-HSA-427366 Transcription of intergenic spacer of the rRNA gene R-HSA-5250938 B-WICH:histone acetyltransferase acetylates histone H3 at lysine-9 R-HSA-73762 RNA Polymerase I Transcription Initiation R-HSA-5250924 B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression R-HSA-73854 RNA Polymerase I Promoter Clearance R-HSA-73863 RNA Polymerase I Transcription Termination R-HSA-73772 RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape R-HSA-5250913 Positive epigenetic regulation of rRNA expression R-HSA-73864 RNA Polymerase I Transcription R-HSA-73777 RNA Polymerase I Chain Elongation R-HSA-427413 NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression R-HSA-212165 Epigenetic regulation of gene expression R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) R-HSA-5250941 Negative epigenetic regulation of rRNA expression
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