Description: Homo sapiens TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa (TAF9), transcript variant 1, mRNA. RefSeq Summary (NM_003187): Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the smaller subunits of TFIID that binds to the basal transcription factor GTF2B as well as to several transcriptional activators such as p53 and VP16. In human, TAF9 and AK6 (GeneID: 102157402) are two distinct genes that share 5' exons. A similar but distinct gene (TAF9L) has been found on the X chromosome and a pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 19. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]. Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg19 chr5:68,660,570-68,662,644 Size: 2,075 Total Exon Count: 2 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg19 chr5:68,660,770-68,661,564 Size: 795 Coding Exon Count: 1
ID:TAF9_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 9; AltName: Full=RNA polymerase II TBP-associated factor subunit G; AltName: Full=STAF31/32; AltName: Full=Transcription initiation factor TFIID 31 kDa subunit; Short=TAFII-31; Short=TAFII31; AltName: Full=Transcription initiation factor TFIID 32 kDa subunit; Short=TAFII-32; Short=TAFII32; FUNCTION: Essential for cell viability. TAF9 and TAF9B are involved in transcriptional activation as well as repression of distinct but overlapping sets of genes. May have a role in gene regulation associated with apoptosis. TAFs are components of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex, the TBP-free TAFII complex (TFTC), the PCAF histone acetylase complex and the STAGA transcription coactivator-HAT complex. TFIID or TFTC are essential for the regulation of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription. SUBUNIT: Component of TFIID, the TATA-binding protein-free TAF complex (TFTC), the PCAF complex and the STAGA transcription coactivator-HAT complex. The PCAF complex consists at least of TADA2L/ADA2, SUPT3H/SPT3, TADA3L/ADA3, TAF5L/PAF65-beta, TAF6L/PAF65-alpha, TAF10/TAFII30, TAF12/TAFII20, TAF9/TAFII31 and TRRAP. The STAGA transcription coactivator-HAT complex consists at least of SUPT3H, GCN5L2, SUPT7L, TAF5L, TAF6L, TADA3L, TAD1L, TAF10, TAF12, TRRAP and TAF9. Binds N-terminal domain of p53/TP53 which is essential for transcription. Component of some MLL1/MLL complex, at least composed of the core components MLL, ASH2L, HCFC1/HCF1, WDR5 and RBBP5, as well as the facultative components C17orf49, CHD8, E2F6, HSP70, INO80C, KANSL1, LAS1L, MAX, MCRS1, MGA, MYST1/MOF, PELP1, PHF20, PRP31, RING2, RUVB1/TIP49A, RUVB2/TIP49B, SENP3, TAF1, TAF4, TAF6, TAF7, TAF9 and TEX10. Binds TFIIB and the Herpes simplex virus activator VP16. Forms a heterodimer with TAF6/TAFII80 in a complex with the TAF4B/TAFII105-TAF12/TAFII20 heterodimer. Also interacts with TAF5. Binds directly DNA. Increased DNA binding when complexed with TAF6/TAFII80. INTERACTION: Q92831:KAT2B; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-712521, EBI-477430; Q9Y6J9:TAF6L; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-712521, EBI-743984; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. INDUCTION: 6 to 8-fold by apoptotic signals. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TAF9 family. WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/taf9/";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q16594
Front
Top
Side
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.
Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0002039 p53 binding GO:0003677 DNA binding GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity GO:0005515 protein binding GO:0033613 activating transcription factor binding GO:0044212 transcription regulatory region DNA binding GO:0046982 protein heterodimerization activity GO:0051117 ATPase binding GO:0070742 C2H2 zinc finger domain binding GO:0001075 transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific binding involved in preinitiation complex assembly GO:0004402 histone acetyltransferase activity
Biological Process: GO:0000492 box C/D snoRNP assembly GO:0006351 transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006352 DNA-templated transcription, initiation GO:0006355 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006366 transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0006367 transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0006974 cellular response to DNA damage stimulus GO:0030307 positive regulation of cell growth GO:0032435 negative regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process GO:0042795 snRNA transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0043066 negative regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043966 histone H3 acetylation GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0050821 protein stabilization GO:0051123 RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly GO:0060760 positive regulation of response to cytokine stimulus GO:0070555 response to interleukin-1 GO:1901796 regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator GO:1902166 negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator
BC007349 - Homo sapiens TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:1603 IMAGE:2966411), complete cds. BC007426 - Homo sapiens TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:3647 IMAGE:2966411), complete cds. AF151895 - Homo sapiens CGI-137 protein mRNA, complete cds. AF110777 - Homo sapiens adrenal gland protein AD-004 mRNA, complete cds. AJ878880 - Homo sapiens mRNA for coilin-interacting nulcear ATPase protein (CINAP gene), from placenta. AJ878881 - Homo sapiens mRNA for coilin-interacting nuclear ATPase protein (CINAP gene), clone library HeLa. KJ905933 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_15603 TAF9 gene, encodes complete protein. EU831966 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone HAIB:100066995; DKFZo008F0723 TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa protein (TAF9) gene, encodes complete protein. EU832059 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone HAIB:100067088; DKFZo004F0724 TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa protein (TAF9) gene, encodes complete protein. U21858 - Human transcriptional activation factor TAFII32 mRNA, complete cds. U25112 - Human TBP-associated factor TAFII31 mRNA, complete cds. BC033320 - Homo sapiens TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:42960 IMAGE:4837792), complete cds. BC003400 - Homo sapiens TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:5067 IMAGE:3448836), complete cds. U30504 - Human transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit TAFII31 mRNA, complete cds. JD236662 - Sequence 217686 from Patent EP1572962. BT019652 - Homo sapiens TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa mRNA, complete cds. KJ892245 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_01639 TAF9 gene, encodes complete protein. AB464452 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB9673, Homo sapiens KAD6 gene for Adenylate kinase isoenzyme 6, without stop codon, in Flexi system. JD020051 - Sequence 1075 from Patent EP1572962. JD033849 - Sequence 14873 from Patent EP1572962. CU678458 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100018663 5' read TAF9 mRNA. DQ571652 - Homo sapiens piRNA piR-31764, complete sequence. LF365229 - JP 2014500723-A/172732: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs. LF365230 - JP 2014500723-A/172733: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs. JD514808 - Sequence 495832 from Patent EP1572962. JD431771 - Sequence 412795 from Patent EP1572962. MA600806 - JP 2018138019-A/172732: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs. MA600807 - JP 2018138019-A/172733: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes hsa03022 - Basal transcription factors
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein Q16594 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-109636 Recognition and Binding of Core Promoter Elements by TFIID R-HSA-73946 Abortive initiation R-HSA-75856 Abortive Initiation Before Second Transition R-HSA-75873 Addition of Nucleotides 5 through 9 on the growing Transcript R-HSA-167136 Addition of nucleotides 5 through 9 on the growing HIV-1 transcript R-HSA-167474 Abortive HIV-1 Initiation Before Second Transition R-HSA-167477 Abortive HIV-1 initiation after formation of the first phosphodiester bond R-HSA-6810234 General transcription factors bind SNAPc:POU2F1:ZNF143:snRNA gene R-HSA-75866 Nucleophillic Attack by 3'-hydroxyl Oxygen of nascent transcript on the Alpha Phosphate of NTP R-HSA-75861 NTP Binds Active Site of RNA Polymerase II R-HSA-75864 Newly Formed Phosphodiester Bond Stabilized and PPi Released R-HSA-109637 Binding of TFIIA and TFIIB to the pol II promoter:TFIID complex R-HSA-75862 Fall Back to Closed Pre-initiation Complex R-HSA-75949 RNA Polymerase II Promoter Opening: First Transition R-HSA-167134 Newly formed phosphodiester bond stabilized and PPi released R-HSA-167130 Nucleophillic attack by 3'-hydroxyl oxygen of nascent HIV-1 transcript on the Alpha phosphate of NTP R-HSA-167118 NTP binds active site of RNA Polymerase II in HIV-1 open pre-initiation complex R-HSA-167484 Fall Back to Closed Pre-initiation Complex R-HSA-167097 HIV Promoter Opening: First Transition R-HSA-6805399 TAF1 phosphorylates TP53 R-HSA-6810238 RNA polymerase II binds initiation factors at promoter of snRNA gene (U1, U2, U4, U4atac, U5, U11, U12) R-HSA-109638 Recruitment of RNA Polymerase II Holoenzyme by TFIIF to the pol II promoter:TFIID:TFIIA:TFIIB complex R-HSA-3301237 KAT2 complexes acetylate histone H3 R-HSA-6810235 RPAP2 binds RNA polymerase II phosphorylated at serine-7 residues of heptad repeats in the C-terminal domain R-HSA-6810233 CDK7 phosphorylates serine-5 and serine-7 of heptad repeats in C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II at snRNA promoter R-HSA-6814885 CBCAP complex binds 7-methylguanosine cap of snRNA R-HSA-75095 Binding of TFIIE to the growing preinitiation complex R-HSA-109639 Formation of the closed pre-initiation complex R-HSA-73779 RNA Polymerase II Transcription Pre-Initiation And Promoter Opening R-HSA-674695 RNA Polymerase II Pre-transcription Events R-HSA-73776 RNA Polymerase II Promoter Escape R-HSA-167162 RNA Polymerase II HIV Promoter Escape R-HSA-167161 HIV Transcription Initiation R-HSA-6807505 RNA polymerase II transcribes snRNA genes R-HSA-75953 RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation R-HSA-76042 RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation And Promoter Clearance R-HSA-167172 Transcription of the HIV genome R-HSA-73857 RNA Polymerase II Transcription R-HSA-6804756 Regulation of TP53 Activity through Phosphorylation R-HSA-162599 Late Phase of HIV Life Cycle R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription) R-HSA-5633007 Regulation of TP53 Activity R-HSA-3214847 HATs acetylate histones R-HSA-162587 HIV Life Cycle R-HSA-3700989 Transcriptional Regulation by TP53 R-HSA-3247509 Chromatin modifying enzymes R-HSA-162906 HIV Infection R-HSA-212436 Generic Transcription Pathway R-HSA-4839726 Chromatin organization R-HSA-5663205 Infectious disease R-HSA-1643685 Disease