Description: Homo sapiens tumor protein p53 (TP53), transcript variant 5, mRNA. RefSeq Summary (NM_001126115): This gene encodes a tumor suppressor protein containing transcriptional activation, DNA binding, and oligomerization domains. The encoded protein responds to diverse cellular stresses to regulate expression of target genes, thereby inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, senescence, DNA repair, or changes in metabolism. Mutations in this gene are associated with a variety of human cancers, including hereditary cancers such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Alternative splicing of this gene and the use of alternate promoters result in multiple transcript variants and isoforms. Additional isoforms have also been shown to result from the use of alternate translation initiation codons from identical transcript variants (PMIDs: 12032546, 20937277). [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2016]. Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg19 chr17:7,571,720-7,576,926 Size: 5,207 Total Exon Count: 2 Strand: -
aggressive behavior of chondrosarcoma Oshiro Y et al. 1998, Altered p53 is associated with aggressive behavior of chondrosarcoma: a long term follow-up study., Cancer. 1998 Dec;83(11):2324-34.
[PubMed 9840532]
Overexpression or alteration of the p53 gene is an important predictor of aggressive clinical behavior in chondrosarcoma of bone.
albuminuria among aboriginal Australians McDonald SP et al. 2002, The p53Pro72Arg polymorphism is associated with albuminuria among aboriginal Australians., Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2002 Mar;13(3):677-83.
[PubMed 11856771]
alpha-particle carcinogenesis Wada I et al. 1999, High rate of small TP53 mutations and infrequent loss of heterozygosity in malignant liver tumors associated with thorotrast: implications for alpha-particle carcinogenesis., Radiation research. 1999 Dec;152(6 Suppl):S125-7.
[PubMed 10564952]
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Mouse
Rat
Zebrafish
D. melanogaster
C. elegans
S. cerevisiae
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
No ortholog
Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
EF101868 - Homo sapiens cell-line L1236 nonfunctional tumor suppressor p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. AM076972 - Homo sapiens partial mRNA for tumor protein p53 mutant form (TP53 gene), classical Hodgkin Lymphoma cell line L1236. DQ186650 - Homo sapiens del133 p53 isoform (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. DQ186651 - Homo sapiens del133 p53 beta isoform (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. DQ186652 - Homo sapiens del133 p53 gamma isoform (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. HW061196 - JP 2012529430-A/71: METHODS FOR TREATING CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. HW061197 - JP 2012529430-A/72: METHODS FOR TREATING CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. HW061198 - JP 2012529430-A/73: METHODS FOR TREATING CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. JA482151 - Sequence 134 from Patent WO2011072091. JA482152 - Sequence 135 from Patent WO2011072091. JA482153 - Sequence 136 from Patent WO2011072091. JB252004 - Sequence 71 from Patent EP2440214. JB252005 - Sequence 72 from Patent EP2440214. JB252006 - Sequence 73 from Patent EP2440214. JE980443 - Sequence 134 from Patent EP2862929. JE980444 - Sequence 135 from Patent EP2862929. JE980445 - Sequence 136 from Patent EP2862929. LP764903 - Sequence 71 from Patent EP3276004. LP764904 - Sequence 72 from Patent EP3276004. LP764905 - Sequence 73 from Patent EP3276004. JN900492 - Homo sapiens tumor suppressor TP53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds, alternatively spliced. HW061192 - JP 2012529430-A/67: METHODS FOR TREATING CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. HW061193 - JP 2012529430-A/68: METHODS FOR TREATING CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. HW061194 - JP 2012529430-A/69: METHODS FOR TREATING CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. HW061195 - JP 2012529430-A/70: METHODS FOR TREATING CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. JA482147 - Sequence 130 from Patent WO2011072091. JA482148 - Sequence 131 from Patent WO2011072091. JA482149 - Sequence 132 from Patent WO2011072091. JA482150 - Sequence 133 from Patent WO2011072091. JB252000 - Sequence 67 from Patent EP2440214. JB252001 - Sequence 68 from Patent EP2440214. JB252002 - Sequence 69 from Patent EP2440214. JB252003 - Sequence 70 from Patent EP2440214. JE980439 - Sequence 130 from Patent EP2862929. JE980440 - Sequence 131 from Patent EP2862929. JE980441 - Sequence 132 from Patent EP2862929. JE980442 - Sequence 133 from Patent EP2862929. LP764899 - Sequence 67 from Patent EP3276004. LP764900 - Sequence 68 from Patent EP3276004. LP764901 - Sequence 69 from Patent EP3276004. LP764902 - Sequence 70 from Patent EP3276004. LY486121 - KR 1020170007492-A/1: METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PREVENTING ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY IN ORGANS. LZ228280 - JP 2017521374-A/1: METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PREVENTING ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY IN ORGANS. DM163612 - Method for promotion of p53 expression. HV708907 - JP 2012506450-A/5: Methods for treating eye disorders. DQ186648 - Homo sapiens p53 beta isoform (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. DQ186649 - Homo sapiens p53 gamma isoform (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. DQ286964 - Homo sapiens p53 protein (TP53) mRNA, complete cds, alternatively spliced. DQ191317 - Homo sapiens p53 protein (TP53) mRNA, complete cds, alternatively spliced. AF052180 - Homo sapiens clone 24564 mRNA sequence. AK223026 - Homo sapiens mRNA for tumor protein p53 variant, clone: JTH07296. X01405 - Human mRNA fragment for phosphoprotein p53. AB082923 - Homo sapiens mRNA for P53, complete cds. BC003596 - Homo sapiens tumor protein p53, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:646 IMAGE:3544714), complete cds. AF307851 - Homo sapiens p53 protein mRNA, complete cds. JN214348 - Homo sapiens cell-line HCT116p53-/- nonfunctional delta40-P53 transcript variant (TP53) mRNA, complete sequence. FJ207420 - Homo sapiens mutant p53 mRNA, complete cds. JD123340 - Sequence 104364 from Patent EP1572962. JD299783 - Sequence 280807 from Patent EP1572962. JD378958 - Sequence 359982 from Patent EP1572962. JD533970 - Sequence 514994 from Patent EP1572962. JD321581 - Sequence 302605 from Patent EP1572962. JD064504 - Sequence 45528 from Patent EP1572962. JD295458 - Sequence 276482 from Patent EP1572962. JD333220 - Sequence 314244 from Patent EP1572962. JD071890 - Sequence 52914 from Patent EP1572962. JD398255 - Sequence 379279 from Patent EP1572962. JD286216 - Sequence 267240 from Patent EP1572962. JD480909 - Sequence 461933 from Patent EP1572962. JD543982 - Sequence 525006 from Patent EP1572962. JD542311 - Sequence 523335 from Patent EP1572962. JD293418 - Sequence 274442 from Patent EP1572962. JD562184 - Sequence 543208 from Patent EP1572962. JD432939 - Sequence 413963 from Patent EP1572962. JD457509 - Sequence 438533 from Patent EP1572962. JD202361 - Sequence 183385 from Patent EP1572962. JD141194 - Sequence 122218 from Patent EP1572962. JD266224 - Sequence 247248 from Patent EP1572962. JD564555 - Sequence 545579 from Patent EP1572962. JD566766 - Sequence 547790 from Patent EP1572962. JD266223 - Sequence 247247 from Patent EP1572962. JD297255 - Sequence 278279 from Patent EP1572962. JD393077 - Sequence 374101 from Patent EP1572962. JD486665 - Sequence 467689 from Patent EP1572962. AK297927 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ54299 complete cds, highly similar to Cellular tumor antigen p53. AK297462 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ54297 complete cds, highly similar to Cellular tumor antigen p53. JD168340 - Sequence 149364 from Patent EP1572962. JD527824 - Sequence 508848 from Patent EP1572962. K03199 - Human p53 cellular tumor antigen mRNA, complete cds. AK225838 - Homo sapiens mRNA for Cellular tumor antigen p53 variant, clone: FCC127A11. JD298986 - Sequence 280010 from Patent EP1572962. JD168621 - Sequence 149645 from Patent EP1572962. JQ694049 - Homo sapiens isolate iPCH358_Col1 tumor suppressor p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. JQ694050 - Homo sapiens isolate iPCH358_Col3 tumor suppressor p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. JQ694051 - Homo sapiens isolate iPCH358_Col11 tumor suppressor p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. JD317542 - Sequence 298566 from Patent EP1572962. JD059195 - Sequence 40219 from Patent EP1572962. DQ648886 - Homo sapiens p53+ins9a (TP53) mRNA, 3' UTR, alternatively spliced. DQ648887 - Homo sapiens p53-Ex10 isoform (TP53) mRNA, partial cds, alternatively spliced. JQ026208 - Homo sapiens clone c.398-399ins4 mutated tumor suppressor protein P53 mRNA sequence. JD477257 - Sequence 458281 from Patent EP1572962. JQ026207 - Homo sapiens clone c.159del1 mutated tumor suppressor protein P53 mRNA sequence. AM076970 - Homo sapiens partial mRNA for tumor protein p53 mutant form (TP53 gene), classical Hodgkin Lymphoma cell line L428. DQ263704 - Homo sapiens tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. EF101867 - Homo sapiens cell-line L428 nonfunctional tumor suppressor p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. JN601513 - Homo sapiens isolate MV4-11 mutant p53 protein mRNA, partial cds. JN601514 - Homo sapiens isolate Kasumi-1 mutant p53 protein mRNA, partial cds. JN601515 - Homo sapiens isolate CMS mutant p53 protein mRNA, partial cds. JN601516 - Homo sapiens isolate THP-1 truncated p53 protein mRNA, partial cds. JQ026210 - Homo sapiens clone c.792_796del5 mutated tumor suppressor protein P53 mRNA sequence. MG595979 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-1414-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595980 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-0571-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595981 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-0357-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595982 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-1016-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595983 - Homo sapiens isolate HKSH-0023-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595984 - Homo sapiens isolate PMH-0020-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595985 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-0863-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595986 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-1542-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595987 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-0104-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595988 - Homo sapiens isolate HKSH-0182-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595989 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-0855-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595990 - Homo sapiens isolate KWH-0019-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595991 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-1681-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595992 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-0602-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595993 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-0395-0-1 truncated tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. MG595994 - Homo sapiens isolate TWH-1698-0-1 mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53) mRNA, complete cds. M14695 - Human p53 cellular tumor antigen mRNA, complete cds. M14694 - Human p53 cellular tumor antigen mRNA, complete cds. X02469 - Human mRNA for p53 cellular tumor antigen. AK312568 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ92943, Homo sapiens tumor protein p53 (Li-Fraumeni syndrome) (TP53), mRNA. KJ897694 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_07088 TP53 gene, encodes complete protein. KR709864 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00006902 TP53 (TP53) mRNA, encodes complete protein. KR709865 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00006929 TP53 (TP53) mRNA, encodes complete protein. KR709866 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00006983 TP53 (TP53) mRNA, encodes complete protein. KR709867 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone CCSBHm_00007040 TP53 (TP53) mRNA, encodes complete protein. BT019622 - Homo sapiens tumor protein p53 (Li-Fraumeni syndrome) mRNA, complete cds. DQ892492 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100005122; FLH186809.01X; RZPDo839A0972D tumor protein p53 (Li-Fraumeni syndrome) (TP53) gene, encodes complete protein. DQ895704 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100010164; FLH186805.01L; RZPDo839A0962D tumor protein p53 (Li-Fraumeni syndrome) (TP53) gene, encodes complete protein. X60011 - Human mRNA for mutated p53 transformation suppressor gene. X60012 - Human mRNA for mutated p53 transformation suppressor gene. X60013 - Human mRNA for mutated p53 transformation suppressor gene. X60014 - Human mRNA for mutated p53 transformation suppressor gene. X60015 - Human mRNA for mutated p53 transformation suppressor gene. X60016 - Human mRNA for mutated p53 transformation suppressor gene. X60017 - Human mRNA for mutated p53 transformation suppressor gene. X60018 - Human mRNA for mutated p53 transformation suppressor gene. X60019 - Human mRNA for mutated p53 transformation suppressor gene. X60020 - Human mRNA for mutated p53 transformation suppressor gene. AB527267 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB8730, Homo sapiens TP53 gene for tumor protein p53, without stop codon, in Flexi system. JQ026209 - Homo sapiens clone c.672_673ins5 mutated tumor suppressor protein P53 mRNA sequence. LP866503 - Sequence 57 from Patent WO2017162888. AY429684 - Homo sapiens tumor suppressor p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. S66666 - p53=tumor suppressor {alternatively spliced, exon 9-10} [human, Molt-4, T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line, mRNA PartialMutant, 160 nt]. DL476249 - Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Medical Conditions. DL476265 - Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Medical Conditions. HV941369 - JP 2012152216-A/194: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. HV941385 - JP 2012152216-A/210: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. HW798275 - JP 2014236738-A/194: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. HW798291 - JP 2014236738-A/210: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. DL476266 - Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Medical Conditions. HV941386 - JP 2012152216-A/211: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. HW798292 - JP 2014236738-A/211: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. KY907121 - Homo sapiens isolate CC2_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907122 - Homo sapiens isolate CC3_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907123 - Homo sapiens isolate CC5_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907124 - Homo sapiens isolate CC7_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907125 - Homo sapiens isolate CC10_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907126 - Homo sapiens isolate CC11_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907127 - Homo sapiens isolate CC12_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907128 - Homo sapiens isolate CC15_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907129 - Homo sapiens isolate CC17_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907130 - Homo sapiens isolate CC19_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907131 - Homo sapiens isolate CC20_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907132 - Homo sapiens isolate CC21_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907133 - Homo sapiens isolate CC22_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907134 - Homo sapiens isolate CC23_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907135 - Homo sapiens isolate CC24_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907136 - Homo sapiens isolate CC26_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907137 - Homo sapiens isolate CC27_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907138 - Homo sapiens isolate CC28_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907139 - Homo sapiens isolate CC29_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907140 - Homo sapiens isolate CC30_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907141 - Homo sapiens isolate CC33_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907142 - Homo sapiens isolate CC34_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907143 - Homo sapiens isolate CC35_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907144 - Homo sapiens isolate CC36_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907145 - Homo sapiens isolate CC37_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. KY907146 - Homo sapiens isolate CC38_TP53 p53 (TP53) mRNA, partial cds. DL476283 - Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Medical Conditions. HV941403 - JP 2012152216-A/228: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. HW798309 - JP 2014236738-A/228: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. DL476292 - Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Medical Conditions. HV941412 - JP 2012152216-A/237: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. HW798318 - JP 2014236738-A/237: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. DL476274 - Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Medical Conditions. HV941394 - JP 2012152216-A/219: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. HW798300 - JP 2014236738-A/219: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. DL476250 - Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Medical Conditions. HV941370 - JP 2012152216-A/195: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. HW798276 - JP 2014236738-A/195: Oligoribonucleotides And Methods Of Use Thereof For Treatment Of Alopecia, Acute Renal Failure And Other Diseases. LQ948588 - Sequence 5 from Patent WO2014043292. LQ948589 - Sequence 6 from Patent WO2014043292. LQ948590 - Sequence 7 from Patent WO2014043292. LQ948584 - Sequence 1 from Patent WO2014043292. LQ948585 - Sequence 2 from Patent WO2014043292. LQ948586 - Sequence 3 from Patent WO2014043292. LQ948587 - Sequence 4 from Patent WO2014043292. MP140196 - Sequence 5 from Patent EP3444349. MP140197 - Sequence 6 from Patent EP3444349. MP140198 - Sequence 7 from Patent EP3444349. MP140192 - Sequence 1 from Patent EP3444349. MP140193 - Sequence 2 from Patent EP3444349. MP140194 - Sequence 3 from Patent EP3444349. MP140195 - Sequence 4 from Patent EP3444349.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes hsa04010 - MAPK signaling pathway hsa04110 - Cell cycle hsa04115 - p53 signaling pathway hsa04210 - Apoptosis hsa04310 - Wnt signaling pathway hsa04722 - Neurotrophin signaling pathway hsa05014 - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) hsa05016 - Huntington's disease hsa05200 - Pathways in cancer hsa05210 - Colorectal cancer hsa05212 - Pancreatic cancer hsa05213 - Endometrial cancer hsa05214 - Glioma hsa05215 - Prostate cancer hsa05216 - Thyroid cancer hsa05217 - Basal cell carcinoma hsa05218 - Melanoma hsa05219 - Bladder cancer hsa05220 - Chronic myeloid leukemia hsa05222 - Small cell lung cancer hsa05223 - Non-small cell lung cancer
BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project h_atmPathway - ATM Signaling Pathway h_telPathway - Telomeres, Telomerase, Cellular Aging, and Immortality h_p53hypoxiaPathway - Hypoxia and p53 in the Cardiovascular system h_pmlPathway - Regulation of transcriptional activity by PML h_btg2Pathway - BTG family proteins and cell cycle regulation h_rbPathway - RB Tumor Suppressor/Checkpoint Signaling in response to DNA damage h_rnaPathway - Double Stranded RNA Induced Gene Expression h_tertpathway - Overview of telomerase protein component gene hTert Transcriptional Regulation h_tidPathway - Chaperones modulate interferon Signaling Pathway h_chemicalPathway - Apoptotic Signaling in Response to DNA Damage h_plk3Pathway - Regulation of cell cycle progression by Plk3 h_ctcfPathway - CTCF: First Multivalent Nuclear Factor h_EfpPathway - Estrogen-responsive protein Efp controls cell cycle and breast tumors growth h_atrbrcaPathway - Role of BRCA1, BRCA2 and ATR in Cancer Susceptibility h_g1Pathway - Cell Cycle: G1/S Check Point h_arfPathway - Tumor Suppressor Arf Inhibits Ribosomal Biogenesis h_g2Pathway - Cell Cycle: G2/M Checkpoint h_p53Pathway - p53 Signaling Pathway