Description: Homo sapiens corin, serine peptidase (CORIN), mRNA. RefSeq Summary (NM_006587): This gene encodes a member of the type II transmembrane serine protease class of the trypsin superfamily. Members of this family are composed of multiple structurally distinct domains. The encoded protein converts pro-atrial natriuretic peptide to biologically active atrial natriuretic peptide, a cardiac hormone that regulates blood volume and pressure. This protein may also function as a pro-brain-type natriuretic peptide convertase. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2013]. Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg19 chr4:47,596,018-47,792,277 Size: 196,260 Total Exon Count: 21 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg19 chr4:47,597,738-47,765,595 Size: 167,858 Coding Exon Count: 19
ID:CORIN_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme; EC=3.4.21.-; AltName: Full=Corin; AltName: Full=Heart-specific serine proteinase ATC2; AltName: Full=Pro-ANP-converting enzyme; AltName: Full=Transmembrane protease serine 10; Contains: RecName: Full=Atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme, N-terminal propeptide; Contains: RecName: Full=Atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme, activated protease fragment; Contains: RecName: Full=Atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme, 180 kDa soluble fragment; Contains: RecName: Full=Atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme, 160 kDa soluble fragment; Contains: RecName: Full=Atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme, 100 kDa soluble fragment; FUNCTION: Serine-type endopeptidase involved in atrial natriuretic peptide hormone (NPPA) processing. Converts through proteolytic cleavage the non-functional propeptide NPPA into the active hormone, thereby regulating blood pressure in heart and promoting natriuresis, diuresis and vasodilation. Proteolytic cleavage of pro-NPPA also plays a role in female pregnancy by promoting trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling in uterus. Also acts as a regulator of sodium reabsorption in kidney. May also process pro-NPPB the B-type natriuretic peptide. FUNCTION: Isoform 2: has weaker endopeptidase activity compared to isoform 1. ENZYME REGULATION: Inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by non- specific trypsin-like serine protease inhibitors including benzamidine. BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=1.28 mM for pyroGlu-Phe-Lys-pNA.HCl; KM=3.52 mM for pyroGlu-Pro-Arg-pNA.HCl; KM=2.95 mM for H-D-Pro-Phe-Arg-pNA.2HCl; KM=1.92 mM for Bz-Ile-Glu-(gamma-OR)-Gly-Arg-pNA.HCl; KM=16 mM for pyroGlu-Gly-Arg-pNA.HCl; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 2: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Note=Less efficiently targeted to the cell membrane compared to isoform 1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme, 180 kDa soluble fragment: Secreted. Note=Soluble form produced following cleavage by ADAM10. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme, 160 kDa soluble fragment: Secreted. Note=Soluble form produced following autocatalytic cleavage. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme, 100 kDa soluble fragment: Secreted. Note=Soluble form produced following autocatalytic cleavage. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Highly expressed in heart. Expressed in heart myocytes. Also expressed in pregnant uterus. DOMAIN: The DDNN motif is required for targeting to the cell membrane and enzyme activation (PubMed:21518754). PTM: N-glycosylated; required for processing and activation. PTM: Activated through proteolytic processing by a trypsin-like protease; cleaved into a N-terminal propeptide and an activated corin protease fragment. Different soluble forms are produced by cleavage and autocatalytic cleavage: Atrial natriuretic peptide- converting enzyme, 180 kDa soluble fragment is produced by cleavage by ADAM10, while 160 kDa and 100 kDa soluble fragments are produced by autocatalytic cleavage. Cleavage by ADAM10 to produce soluble 180 kDa soluble fragment takes place after the transmembrane region and before FZ 1. PTM: A disulfide bond links the activated corin protease fragment and the N-terminal propeptide. The disulfide bond also links the activated corin protease fragment with soluble fragments (100 kDa, 160 kDa and 180 kDa fragments). DISEASE: Defects in CORIN are the cause of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia 5 (PEE5) [MIM:614595]; also known as gestational proteinuric hypertension. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-associated disease with maternal symptoms but placental origin. Unlike most other human disorders, it impacts 2 individuals, the mother and her child, both of whom can be severely affected. MISCELLANEOUS: Initially named CORIN due to its abundant expression in the heart (PubMed:10329693). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. SIMILARITY: Contains 2 FZ (frizzled) domains. SIMILARITY: Contains 7 LDL-receptor class A domains. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 SRCR domain.
hypertension; blood pressure, arterial Dries, D. L. et al. 2005, Corin gene minor allele defined by 2 missense mutations is common in blacks and associated with high blood pressure and hypertension., Circulation. 2005 Oct;112(16):2403-10.
[PubMed 16216958]
The corin I555 (P568) allele is common in blacks and is associated with higher blood pressure and an increased risk for prevalent hypertension.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q9Y5Q5
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
