Human Gene ARTN (ENST00000372354.3) from GENCODE V44
Description: Ligand for the GFR-alpha-3-RET receptor complex but can also activate the GFR-alpha-1-RET receptor complex. Supports the survival of sensory and sympathetic peripheral neurons in culture and also supports the survival of dopaminergic neurons of the ventral mid-brain. Strong attractant of gut hematopoietic cells thus promoting the formation Peyer's patch-like structures, a major component of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. (from UniProt Q5T4W7) RefSeq Summary (NM_001136215): This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) subfamily and TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer. This protein signals through the RET receptor and GFR alpha 3 coreceptor, and supports the survival of a number of peripheral neuron populations and at least one population of dopaminergic CNS neurons. This protein has also been shown to promote tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance in mammary carcinoma. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000372354.3 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000117407.17 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr1:43,935,359-43,936,807 Size: 1,449 Total Exon Count: 3 Strand: + Coding Region Position: hg38 chr1:43,935,657-43,936,765 Size: 1,109 Coding Exon Count: 3
ID:ARTN_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Artemin; AltName: Full=Enovin; AltName: Full=Neublastin; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Ligand for the GFR-alpha-3-RET receptor complex but can also activate the GFR-alpha-1-RET receptor complex. Supports the survival of sensory and sympathetic peripheral neurons in culture and also supports the survival of dopaminergic neurons of the ventral mid-brain. Strong attractant of gut hematopoietic cells thus promoting the formation Peyer's patch-like structures, a major component of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. SUBUNIT: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Binds to RET (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted (By similarity). TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Ubiquitous. Expressed at high levels in peripheral tissues including prostate, placenta, pancreas, heart, kidney, pituitary gland, lung and testis. Expressed at low levels in the brain. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed during embryogenesis. High level expression seen in fetal kidney and lung while a low level expression seen in the fetal brain. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TGF-beta family. GDNF subfamily.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q5T4W7
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
AF120274 - Homo sapiens pre-pro-neublastin mRNA, complete cds. FW590923 - JP 2010534195-A/6: POLYPEPTIDES AND POLYNUCLEOTIDES FOR ARTEMIN AND RELATED LIGANDS, AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF. HI544299 - Sequence 40 from Patent EP2164870. BC062375 - Homo sapiens artemin, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:71178 IMAGE:5453642), complete cds. JD419150 - Sequence 400174 from Patent EP1572962. AF109401 - Homo sapiens neurotrophic factor artemin precursor (ARTN) mRNA, complete cds. FW590922 - JP 2010534195-A/5: POLYPEPTIDES AND POLYNUCLEOTIDES FOR ARTEMIN AND RELATED LIGANDS, AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF. HI544298 - Sequence 39 from Patent EP2164870. JD440095 - Sequence 421119 from Patent EP1572962. JD340412 - Sequence 321436 from Patent EP1572962. FW590925 - JP 2010534195-A/8: POLYPEPTIDES AND POLYNUCLEOTIDES FOR ARTEMIN AND RELATED LIGANDS, AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF. HI544301 - Sequence 42 from Patent EP2164870. FW590924 - JP 2010534195-A/7: POLYPEPTIDES AND POLYNUCLEOTIDES FOR ARTEMIN AND RELATED LIGANDS, AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF. HI544300 - Sequence 41 from Patent EP2164870. JD099145 - Sequence 80169 from Patent EP1572962. JD194001 - Sequence 175025 from Patent EP1572962. JD462783 - Sequence 443807 from Patent EP1572962. JD194472 - Sequence 175496 from Patent EP1572962.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein Q5T4W7 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
US Server
