Human Gene TPO (ENST00000329066.9) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens thyroid peroxidase (TPO), transcript variant 6, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_001206744) RefSeq Summary (NM_001206744): This gene encodes a membrane-bound glycoprotein. The encoded protein acts as an enzyme and plays a central role in thyroid gland function. The protein functions in the iodination of tyrosine residues in thyroglobulin and phenoxy-ester formation between pairs of iodinated tyrosines to generate the thyroid hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Mutations in this gene are associated with several disorders of thyroid hormonogenesis, including congenital hypothyroidism, congenital goiter, and thyroid hormone organification defect IIA. Multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene, but the full-length nature of some variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000329066.9 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000115705.22 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr2:1,413,463-1,543,673 Size: 130,211 Total Exon Count: 17 Strand: + Coding Region Position: hg38 chr2:1,414,409-1,542,474 Size: 128,066 Coding Exon Count: 16
ID:PERT_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Thyroid peroxidase; Short=TPO; EC=1.11.1.8; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Iodination and coupling of the hormonogenic tyrosines in thyroglobulin to yield the thyroid hormones T(3) and T(4). CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: 2 iodide + H(2)O(2) + 2 H(+) = 2 iodine + 2 H(2)O. COFACTOR: Binds 1 calcium ion per heterodimer (By similarity). COFACTOR: Binds 1 heme B (iron-protoporphyrin IX) group covalently per heterodimer (By similarity). PATHWAY: Hormone biosynthesis; thyroid hormone biosynthesis. SUBUNIT: Interacts with DUOX1, DUOX2 and CYBA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 3: Cell surface. PTM: Glycosylated. PTM: Heme is covalently bound through a H(2)O(2)-dependent autocatalytic process. Heme insertion is important for the delivery of protein at the cell surface. PTM: Cleaved in its N-terminal part. DISEASE: Note=An alternative splicing in the thyroperoxidase mRNA can cause Graves' disease. DISEASE: Defects in TPO are the cause of thyroid dyshormonogenesis 2A (TDH2A) [MIM:274500]. A disorder due to defective conversion of accumulated iodide to organically bound iodine. The iodide organification defect can be partial or complete. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxidase family. XPO subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 EGF-like domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 Sushi (CCP/SCR) domain. WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Thyroid peroxidase entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_peroxidase";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P07202
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
