Human Gene AURKB (ENST00000578549.5) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens aurora kinase B (AURKB), transcript variant 7, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_001313953) RefSeq Summary (NM_001313953): This gene encodes a member of the aurora kinase subfamily of serine/threonine kinases. The genes encoding the other two members of this subfamily are located on chromosomes 19 and 20. These kinases participate in the regulation of alignment and segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis through association with microtubules. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 8. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000578549.5 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000178999.13 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr17:8,204,871-8,210,224 Size: 5,354 Total Exon Count: 8 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg38 chr17:8,204,871-8,210,224 Size: 5,354 Coding Exon Count: 8
ID:AURKB_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Aurora kinase B; EC=2.7.11.1; AltName: Full=Aurora 1; AltName: Full=Aurora- and IPL1-like midbody-associated protein 1; Short=AIM-1; AltName: Full=Aurora/IPL1-related kinase 2; Short=ARK-2; Short=Aurora-related kinase 2; AltName: Full=STK-1; AltName: Full=Serine/threonine-protein kinase 12; AltName: Full=Serine/threonine-protein kinase 5; AltName: Full=Serine/threonine-protein kinase aurora-B; FUNCTION: Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Involved in the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores and is a key regulator for the onset of cytokinesis during mitosis. Required for central/midzone spindle assembly and cleavage furrow formation. AURKB phosphorylates the CPC complex subunits BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin and INCENP. Phosphorylation of INCENP leads to increased AURKB activity. Other known AURKB substrates involved in centromeric functions and mitosis are CENPA, DES/desmin, GPAF, KIF2C, NSUN2, RACGAP1, SEPT1, VIM/vimentin, GSG2/Haspin, and histone H3. A positive feedback loop involving GSG2 and AURKB contributes to localization of CPC to centromeres. Phosphorylation of VIM controls vimentin filament segregation in cytokinetic process, whereas histone H3 is phosphorylated at 'Ser-10' and 'Ser-28' during mitosis. A positive feedback between GSG2 and AURKB contributes to CPC localization. AURKB is also required for kinetochore localization of BUB1 and SGOL1. Phosphorylation of p53/TP53 negatively regulates its transcriptional activity. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. COFACTOR: Magnesium. ENZYME REGULATION: Activity is greatly increased when AURKB is within the CPC complex. In particular, AURKB-phosphorylated INCENP acts as an activator of AURKB. Positive feedback between GSG2 and AURKB contributes to CPC localization. SUBUNIT: Component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) composed of at least BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin, INCENP, AURKB and AURKC. Associates with RACGAP1 during M phase. Interacts with CDCA1, EVI5, JTB, NDC80, PSMA3, SEPT1 and TACC1. Interacts with SPDYC; this interaction may be required for proper localization of active, Thr-232-phosphorylated AURKB form during prometaphase and metaphase. Interacts with p53/TP53. Interacts (via the middle kinase domain) with NOC2L (via the N- and C-terminus domains). INTERACTION: O15392:BIRC5; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-624291, EBI-518823; O15392-1:BIRC5; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-624291, EBI-518838; O15392-2:BIRC5; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-624291, EBI-518842; Q9NQS7:INCENP; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-624291, EBI-307907; Q8WYJ6:SEPT1; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-624291, EBI-693002; O75410-6:TACC1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-624291, EBI-624278; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome. Chromosome, centromere. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle. Note=Localizes on chromosome arms and inner centromeres from prophase through metaphase and then transferring to the spindle midzone and midbody from anaphase through cytokinesis. Colocalized with gamma tubulin in the mid- body. Proper localization of the active, Thr-232-phosphorylated form during metaphase may be dependent upon interaction with SPDYC. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: High level expression seen in the thymus. It is also expressed in the spleen, lung, testis, colon, placenta and fetal liver. Expressed during S and G2/M phase and expression is up-regulated in cancer cells during M phase. INDUCTION: Expression is cell cycle-regulated, with a low in G1/S, an increase during G2 and M. Expression decreases again after M phase. PTM: The phosphorylation of Thr-232 requires the binding to INCENP and occurs by means of an autophosphorylation mechanism. Thr-232 phosphorylation is indispensable for the AURKB kinase activity. PTM: Ubiquitinated by different BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes. Ubiquitinated by the BCR(KLHL9-KLHL13) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, ubiquitination leads to removal from mitotic chromosomes and is required for cytokinesis. During anaphase, the BCR(KLHL21) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex recruits the CPC complex from chromosomes to the spindle midzone and mediates the ubiquitination of AURKB. Ubiquitination of AURKB by BCR(KLHL21) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex may not lead to its degradation by the proteasome. DISEASE: Note=Disruptive regulation of expression is a possibile mechanism of the perturbation of chromosomal integrity in cancer cells through its dominant-negative effect on cytokinesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Aurora subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 protein kinase domain. SEQUENCE CAUTION: Sequence=AAH13300.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally shortened;
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q96GD4
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
BC009751 - Homo sapiens aurora kinase B, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:11031 IMAGE:3677349), complete cds. BC080581 - Homo sapiens aurora kinase B, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:99661 IMAGE:2819846), complete cds. AF004022 - Homo sapiens protein kinase mRNA, complete cds. BC000442 - Homo sapiens aurora kinase B, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:8406 IMAGE:2820719), complete cds. BC013300 - Homo sapiens aurora kinase B, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:2964488), partial cds. AB011450 - Homo sapiens AIM1 mRNA for aurora and IPL1-like midbody-associated protein kinase-1, complete cds. AF015254 - Homo sapiens serine/threonine kinase (STK-1) mRNA, complete cds. AK297976 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ57406 complete cds, highly similar to Serine/threonine-protein kinase 12 (EC 2.7.11.1). AB011446 - Homo sapiens mRNA for Aik2, complete cds. JD133065 - Sequence 114089 from Patent EP1572962. AB519677 - Homo sapiens aurkb mRNA for aurora kinase B, complete cds. AB519678 - Homo sapiens aurkb-sv1 mRNA for aurora kinase B-Sv1, complete cds. AB519679 - Homo sapiens aurkb-sv2 mRNA for aurora kinase B-Sv2, complete cds. AF008552 - Homo sapiens aurora-related kinase 2 (ARK2) mRNA, complete cds. KJ892714 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_02108 AURKB gene, encodes complete protein. KJ905373 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_14932 AURKB gene, encodes complete protein. AY677083 - Homo sapiens aurora kinase B-like mRNA, partial sequence, alternatively spliced. AK314889 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ95791, highly similar to Homo sapiens aurora kinase B (AURKB), mRNA. BT019534 - Homo sapiens serine/threonine kinase 12 mRNA, complete cds. AB528023 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KE0773, Homo sapiens AURKB gene for aurora kinase B, without stop codon, in Flexi system. CU679471 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100023403 5' read AURKB mRNA.
Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)
Protein Q96GD4 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-6805122 AURKB binds TP53 R-HSA-174088 Association of cell cycle proteins with the APC/C:Cdh1 complex R-HSA-6805126 AURKB phosphorylates TP53 R-HSA-141409 Mad1 binds kinetochore R-HSA-375302 Kinetochore capture of astral microtubules R-HSA-5666129 CDC42:GTP recruits DIAPH2-2 to kinetochores R-HSA-5666169 Kinetochore capture of astral microtubules is positively regulated by CDC42:GTP:p-S196-DIAPH2-2 R-HSA-174195 Ubiquitination of cell cycle proteins targeted by the APC/C:Cdh1complex R-HSA-141431 MAD2 associates with the Mad1 kinetochore complex R-HSA-141439 Release of activated MAD2 from kinetochores R-HSA-2467811 Separation of sister chromatids R-HSA-2467809 ESPL1 (Separase) cleaves centromeric cohesin R-HSA-5666160 AURKB phosphorylates DIAPH2-2 at kinetochores R-HSA-141422 MAD2 converted to an inhibitory state via interaction with Mad1 R-HSA-1638821 PP2A-B56 dephosphorylates centromeric cohesin R-HSA-1638803 Phosphorylation of cohesin by PLK1 at centromeres R-HSA-2468287 CDK1 phosphorylates CDCA5 (Sororin) at centromeres R-HSA-6804756 Regulation of TP53 Activity through Phosphorylation R-HSA-174178 APC/C:Cdh1 mediated degradation of Cdc20 and other APC/C:Cdh1 targeted proteins in late mitosis/early G1 R-HSA-4615885 SUMOylation of DNA replication proteins R-HSA-5633007 Regulation of TP53 Activity R-HSA-141444 Amplification of signal from unattached kinetochores via a MAD2 inhibitory signal R-HSA-68877 Mitotic Prometaphase R-HSA-5663220 RHO GTPases Activate Formins R-HSA-174143 APC/C-mediated degradation of cell cycle proteins R-HSA-3108232 SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins R-HSA-3700989 Transcriptional Regulation by TP53 R-HSA-2500257 Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion R-HSA-2467813 Separation of Sister Chromatids R-HSA-141424 Amplification of signal from the kinetochores R-HSA-68886 M Phase R-HSA-195258 RHO GTPase Effectors R-HSA-453276 Regulation of mitotic cell cycle R-HSA-2990846 SUMOylation R-HSA-212436 Generic Transcription Pathway R-HSA-68882 Mitotic Anaphase R-HSA-69618 Mitotic Spindle Checkpoint R-HSA-69278 Cell Cycle (Mitotic) R-HSA-194315 Signaling by Rho GTPases R-HSA-597592 Post-translational protein modification R-HSA-73857 RNA Polymerase II Transcription R-HSA-2555396 Mitotic Metaphase and Anaphase R-HSA-69620 Cell Cycle Checkpoints R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins R-HSA-74160 Gene expression (Transcription)
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