Human Gene GNAL (ENST00000535121.5) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens G protein subunit alpha L (GNAL), transcript variant 4, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_001261443) RefSeq Summary (NM_001261443): This gene encodes a stimulatory G protein alpha subunit which mediates odorant signaling in the olfactory epithelium. This protein couples dopamine type 1 receptors and adenosine A2A receptors and is widely expressed in the central nervous system. Mutations in this gene have been associated with dystonia 25 and this gene is located in a susceptibility region for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2013]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000535121.5 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000141404.17 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr18:11,751,472-11,881,135 Size: 129,664 Total Exon Count: 13 Strand: + Coding Region Position: hg38 chr18:11,752,434-11,881,135 Size: 128,702 Coding Exon Count: 12
ID:GNAL_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha; AltName: Full=Adenylate cyclase-stimulating G alpha protein, olfactory type; FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. G(olf) alpha mediates signal transduction within the olfactory neuroepithelium and the basal ganglia. May be involved in some aspect of visual transduction, and in mediating the effect of one or more hormones/neurotransmitters. SUBUNIT: G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Detected in olfactory neuroepithelium, brain, testis, and to a lower extent in retina, lung alveoli, spleen. Trace amounts where seen in kidney, adrenal gland and liver. Found to be expressed in all the insulinomas examined. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(s) subfamily.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P38405
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Protein P38405 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-381749 G Protein trimer formation (olfactory) R-HSA-170671 G alpha-olf:GTP binds to Gi alpha1:GTP:adenylate cyclase complex R-HSA-170672 Galpha-olf:GTP binds to adenylate cyclase and activates it R-HSA-170674 Dissociation of the Gi alpha:G olf complex R-HSA-170677 The G alpha-olf:GDP:Adenylate cyclase complex dissociates R-HSA-381750 Olfactory Receptor - G Protein olfactory trimer complex formation R-HSA-170685 Adenylaye cyclase increases the GTPase activity of G alpha-olf R-HSA-170666 Adenylate cyclase increases the GTPase activity of G alpha-olf R-HSA-170686 Adenylate cyclase increases the GTPase activity of Gi alpha R-HSA-170676 Adenylate cyclase converts ATP into cyclic AMP R-HSA-381753 Olfactory Signaling Pathway R-HSA-170670 Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway R-HSA-170660 Adenylate cyclase activating pathway R-HSA-418555 G alpha (s) signalling events R-HSA-112040 G-protein mediated events R-HSA-997269 Inhibition of adenylate cyclase pathway R-HSA-388396 GPCR downstream signalling R-HSA-111885 Opioid Signalling R-HSA-991365 Activation of GABAB receptors R-HSA-372790 Signaling by GPCR R-HSA-418594 G alpha (i) signalling events R-HSA-977444 GABA B receptor activation R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction R-HSA-977443 GABA receptor activation R-HSA-112314 Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission R-HSA-112315 Transmission across Chemical Synapses R-HSA-112316 Neuronal System
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