Human Gene VTCN1 (ENST00000369458.8) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens V-set domain containing T cell activation inhibitor 1 (VTCN1), transcript variant 5, non-coding RNA. (from RefSeq NR_045604) RefSeq Summary (NM_024626): This gene encodes a protein belonging to the B7 costimulatory protein family. Proteins in this family are present on the surface of antigen-presenting cells and interact with ligand bound to receptors on the surface of T cells. Studies have shown that high levels of the encoded protein has been correlated with tumor progression. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 20. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000369458.8 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000134258.18 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr1:117,143,587-117,210,927 Size: 67,341 Total Exon Count: 6 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg38 chr1:117,147,658-117,210,855 Size: 63,198 Coding Exon Count: 5
ID:VTCN1_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; AltName: Full=B7h.5; AltName: Full=Immune costimulatory protein B7-H4; AltName: Full=Protein B7S1; AltName: Full=T-cell costimulatory molecule B7x; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: Negatively regulates T-cell-mediated immune response by inhibiting T-cell activation, proliferation, cytokine production and development of cytotoxicity. When expressed on the cell surface of tumor macrophages, plays an important role, together with regulatory T-cells (Treg), in the suppression of tumor- associated antigen-specific T-cell immunity. Involved in promoting epithelial cell transformation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein (Potential). Note=Expressed at the cell surface. A soluble form has also been detected. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Overexpressed in breast, ovarian, endometrial, renal cell (RCC) and non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Expressed on activated T- and B-cells, monocytes and dendritic cells, but not expressed in most normal tissues (at protein level). Widely expressed, including in kidney, liver, lung, ovary, placenta, spleen and testis. INDUCTION: Up-regulated by IL6/interleukin-6 and IL10/interleukin- 10 and inhibited by CSF2/GM-CSF and IL4/interleukin-4 on antigen- presenting cells (APCs). PTM: N-glycosylated. MISCELLANEOUS: May serve as a predictive marker for renal cell carcinoma. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. BTN/MOG family. SIMILARITY: Contains 2 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains. CAUTION: The mouse ortholog has been shown (PubMed:12818166) to be a GPI-anchored protein but the Gly residue which is predicted to be the modified site in mouse and rat is not conserved in human.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q7Z7D3
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Biological Process: GO:0001562 response to protozoan GO:0002250 adaptive immune response GO:0002376 immune system process GO:0042102 positive regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0042130 negative regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0043066 negative regulation of apoptotic process GO:0050868 negative regulation of T cell activation GO:0072602 interleukin-4 secretion GO:0072643 interferon-gamma secretion GO:1900042 positive regulation of interleukin-2 secretion