Human Gene PLA2G4A (ENST00000367466.4) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens phospholipase A2 group IVA (PLA2G4A), transcript variant 1, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_024420) RefSeq Summary (NM_024420): This gene encodes a member of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IV family. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids to release arachidonic acid which is subsequently metabolized into eicosanoids. Eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, are lipid-based cellular hormones that regulate hemodynamics, inflammatory responses, and other intracellular pathways. The hydrolysis reaction also produces lysophospholipids that are converted into platelet-activating factor. The enzyme is activated by increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels and phosphorylation, resulting in its translocation from the cytosol and nucleus to perinuclear membrane vesicles. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000367466.4 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000116711.10 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr1:186,828,949-186,988,981 Size: 160,033 Total Exon Count: 18 Strand: + Coding Region Position: hg38 chr1:186,854,355-186,988,508 Size: 134,154 Coding Exon Count: 17
ID:PA24A_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Cytosolic phospholipase A2; Short=cPLA2; AltName: Full=Phospholipase A2 group IVA; Includes: RecName: Full=Phospholipase A2; EC=3.1.1.4; AltName: Full=Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase; Includes: RecName: Full=Lysophospholipase; EC=3.1.1.5; FUNCTION: Selectively hydrolyzes arachidonyl phospholipids in the sn-2 position releasing arachidonic acid. Together with its lysophospholipid activity, it is implicated in the initiation of the inflammatory response. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Phosphatidylcholine + H(2)O = 1- acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H(2)O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate. ENZYME REGULATION: Stimulated by agonists such as ATP, EGF, thrombin and bradykinin as well as by cytosolic Ca(2+). BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: Vmax=2.7 umol/min/mg enzyme for the phospholipase A2 reaction; Vmax=4.6 umol/min/mg enzyme for the lysophosphatase reaction; SUBUNIT: Interacts with KAT5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Note=Translocates to membrane vesicles in a calcium-dependent fashion. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in various tissues such as macrophages, platelets, neutrophils, fibroblasts and lung endothelium. DOMAIN: The N-terminal C2 domain associates with lipid membranes upon calcium binding. It modulates enzyme activity by presenting the active site to its substrate in response to elevations of cytosolic Ca(2+). PTM: Activated by phosphorylation at both Ser-505 and Ser-727. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 C2 domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 PLA2c domain. WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/pla2g4a/";
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P47712
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
