Human Gene PPP1CA (ENST00000312989.11) from GENCODE V44
  Description: Homo sapiens protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit alpha (PPP1CA), transcript variant 3, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_001008709)
RefSeq Summary (NM_001008709): The protein encoded by this gene is one of the three catalytic subunits of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). PP1 is a serine/threonine specific protein phosphatase known to be involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular processes, such as cell division, glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility, protein synthesis, and HIV-1 viral transcription. Increased PP1 activity has been observed in the end stage of heart failure. Studies in both human and mice suggest that PP1 is an important regulator of cardiac function. Mouse studies also suggest that PP1 functions as a suppressor of learning and memory. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000312989.11
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000172531.16
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg38 chr11:67,398,183-67,401,793 Size: 3,611 Total Exon Count: 7 Strand: -
Coding Region
   Position: hg38 chr11:67,398,535-67,401,782 Size: 3,248 Coding Exon Count: 7 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersCTDRNA-Seq Expression
Microarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther SpeciesGO AnnotationsmRNA Descriptions
PathwaysOther NamesMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2023-08-18 00:09:47

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr11:67,398,183-67,401,793)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (341 aa)
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HGNCHPRDLynxMalacardsMGImyGene2
neXtProtOMIMPubMedReactomeUniProtKBWikipedia
BioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: PP1A_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit; Short=PP-1A; EC=3.1.3.16;
FUNCTION: Protein phosphatase that associates with over 200 regulatory proteins to form highly specific holoenzymes which dephosphorylate hundreds of biological targets. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is essential for cell division, and participates in the regulation of glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility and protein synthesis. Involved in regulation of ionic conductances and long-term synaptic plasticity. May play an important role in dephosphorylating substrates such as the postsynaptic density-associated Ca(2+)/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II. Component of the PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex, which plays a role in the control of chromatin structure and cell cycle progression during the transition from mitosis into interphase. Regulates NEK2 function in terms of kinase activity and centrosome number and splitting, both in the presence and absence of radiation-induced DNA damage. Regulator of neural tube and optic fissure closure, and enteric neural crest cell (ENCCs) migration during development.
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: A phosphoprotein + H(2)O = a protein + phosphate.
COFACTOR: Binds 1 iron ion per subunit (By similarity).
COFACTOR: Binds 1 manganese ion per subunit.
ENZYME REGULATION: The phosphatase activity of the PPP1R15A-PP1 complex toward EIF2S1 is specifically inhibited by Salubrinal, a drug that protects cells from endoplasmic reticulum stress.
SUBUNIT: PP1 comprises a catalytic subunit, PPP1CA, PPP1CB or PPP1CC, which is folded into its native form by inhibitor 2 and glycogen synthetase kinase 3, and then complexed to one or several targeting or regulatory subunits. PPP1R12A, PPP1R12B and PPP1R12C mediate binding to myosin. PPP1R3A (in skeletal muscle), PPP1R3B (in liver), PPP1R3C, PPP1R3D and PPP1R3F (in brain) mediate binding to glycogen. Interacts with PPP1R39 (By similarity). Interacts with PPP1R9A and PPP1R9B. Part of a complex containing PPP1R15B, PP1 and NCK1/2. Interacts with PHACTR4; which acts as an activator of PP1 activity (By similarity). Interacts with PPP1R15A and PPP1R15B; the interactions mediate binding to EIF2S1. Component of the MLL5-L complex, at least composed of MLL5, STK38, PPP1CA, PPP1CB, PPP1CC, HCFC1, ACTB and OGT. Interacts with PPP1R7. Interacts with YLPM1. Forms a complex with ILF2, ILF3, YLPM1, KHDRBS1, RBMX and NCOA5. Interacts with NOM1 and PPP1R8. Interacts with HHV-1 ICP34.5. Interacts with PPP1R16B. Interacts with RPSA only in the presence of PPP1R16B. Component of the PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex, composed of PPP1R10/PNUTS, TOX4, WDR82, and PPP1CA or PPP1CB or PPP1CC. Interacts with PPP1R10/PNUTS and PPP1R8. Interacts with WDR82 in the presence of PPP1R10/PNUTS. Interacts with TRIM28; the interaction dephosphorylates TRIM28 on 'Ser-824' and forms a complex at the p21 promoter site. Interacts with isoform 1 and isoform 4 of NEK2. Interacts with FER; this promotes phosphorylation at Thr-320. Interacts with DAB2; the interaction is mutually exclusive with the AXIN1:PPP1CA interaction.
INTERACTION: O14727:APAF1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-446492; P38398:BRCA1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-349905; P12830:CDH1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-727477; Q8TEP8:CEP192; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-2339778; Q9NX63:CHCHD3; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-743375; Q6PJW8:CNST; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-750390; Q9H175:CSRNP2; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-5235958; Q92796:DLG3; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-80440; P55199:ELL; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-1245868; Q86WC6:PPP1R27; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-5235602; Q7Z5V6:PPP1R32; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-4311771; P60484:PTEN; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-696162; P06400:RB1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-491274; A8K8P3:SFI1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-743371; Q9H788:SH2D4A; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-747035; Q8TEC5:SH3RF2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-2130111; P63208:SKP1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-307486; Q7Z699:SPRED1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-5235340; Q14C87:TMEM132D; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-5235567; Q8TEL6:TRPC4AP; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-2559060; P49815:TSC2; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-396587; Q9H4A3:WNK1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-457907; Q9HBF4:ZFYVE1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-357253, EBI-4401611;
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Nucleus, nucleolus. Note=Primarily nuclear and largely excluded from the nucleolus. Highly mobile in cells and can be relocalized through interaction with targeting subunits. NOM1 plays a role in targeting this protein to the nucleolus. In the presence of PPP1R8 relocalizes from the nucleus to nuclear speckles.
PTM: Phosphorylated. Dephosphorylated at Thr-320 in the presence of ionizing radiation.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-1 subfamily.
WEB RESOURCE: Name=Protein Spotlight; Note=The things we forget - Issue 32 of March 2003; URL="http://web.expasy.org/spotlight/back_issues/sptlt032.shtml";

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

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-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 98.99 RPKM in Cells - EBV-transformed lymphocytes
Total median expression: 1852.31 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
3' UTR -141.30352-0.401 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR004843 - Metallo_PEstase_dom
IPR006186 - Ser/Thr-sp_prot-phosphatase

Pfam Domains:
PF00149 - Calcineurin-like phosphoesterase

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
3E7A - X-ray MuPIT 3E7B - X-ray MuPIT 3EGG - X-ray MuPIT 3EGH - X-ray MuPIT 3HVQ - X-ray MuPIT 3N5U - X-ray MuPIT 4G9J - X-ray MuPIT


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P62136
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-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
Genome BrowserGenome BrowserNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene Details     
Gene Sorter     
MGIRGD    
Protein SequenceProtein Sequence    
AlignmentAlignment    

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0004721 phosphoprotein phosphatase activity
GO:0004722 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0008157 protein phosphatase 1 binding
GO:0016787 hydrolase activity
GO:0016791 phosphatase activity
GO:0043021 ribonucleoprotein complex binding
GO:0044877 macromolecular complex binding
GO:0046872 metal ion binding
GO:0098641 cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion

Biological Process:
GO:0005975 carbohydrate metabolic process
GO:0005977 glycogen metabolic process
GO:0005979 regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process
GO:0005981 regulation of glycogen catabolic process
GO:0006470 protein dephosphorylation
GO:0007049 cell cycle
GO:0010288 response to lead ion
GO:0016311 dephosphorylation
GO:0030324 lung development
GO:0032091 negative regulation of protein binding
GO:0032922 circadian regulation of gene expression
GO:0035970 peptidyl-threonine dephosphorylation
GO:0036496 regulation of translational initiation by eIF2 alpha dephosphorylation
GO:0042752 regulation of circadian rhythm
GO:0043153 entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod
GO:0048754 branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube
GO:0051301 cell division
GO:0060828 regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway
GO:0070262 peptidyl-serine dephosphorylation
GO:0098609 cell-cell adhesion
GO:1904886 beta-catenin destruction complex disassembly
GO:2001241 positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand

Cellular Component:
GO:0000164 protein phosphatase type 1 complex
GO:0005634 nucleus
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
GO:0005730 nucleolus
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
GO:0005913 cell-cell adherens junction
GO:0042587 glycogen granule
GO:0043005 neuron projection
GO:0043025 neuronal cell body
GO:0043197 dendritic spine
GO:0043204 perikaryon
GO:0070062 extracellular exosome
GO:0072357 PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex
GO:0000784 nuclear chromosome, telomeric region


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  LF211143 - JP 2014500723-A/18646: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA446720 - JP 2018138019-A/18646: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
HM005468 - Homo sapiens clone HTL-T-155 testicular tissue protein Li 155 mRNA, complete cds.
AK098311 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ40992 fis, clone UTERU2015202, highly similar to Human protein phosphatase I alpha subunit (PPPIA) mRNA.
S57501 - protein phosphatase type 1 catalytic subunit [human, mRNA, 1400 nt].
BC001888 - Homo sapiens protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, alpha isoform, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:1674 IMAGE:3546588), complete cds.
BC008010 - Homo sapiens protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, alpha isoform, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:15877 IMAGE:3528742), complete cds.
AK127616 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ45714 fis, clone FEKID2002637, highly similar to Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alphacatalytic subunit (EC 3.1.3.16).
X70848 - H.sapiens mRNA for phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit.
M63960 - Human protein phosphatase-1 catalytic subunit mRNA, complete cds.
JD187538 - Sequence 168562 from Patent EP1572962.
JD476044 - Sequence 457068 from Patent EP1572962.
JD068605 - Sequence 49629 from Patent EP1572962.
JD273499 - Sequence 254523 from Patent EP1572962.
JD226442 - Sequence 207466 from Patent EP1572962.
J04759 - Human protein phosphatase I alpha subunit (PPPIA) mRNA, 3' end.
JD391571 - Sequence 372595 from Patent EP1572962.
LF344245 - JP 2014500723-A/151748: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA579822 - JP 2018138019-A/151748: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
BT006629 - Homo sapiens protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, alpha isoform mRNA, complete cds.
AK313586 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ94150, Homo sapiens protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, alpha isoform (PPP1CA), mRNA.
KJ891864 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_01258 PPP1CA gene, encodes complete protein.
AB464100 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB6426, Homo sapiens PPP1CA gene for protein phosphatase 1catalytic subunit alpha isoform, without stop codon, in Flexi system.
JD022207 - Sequence 3231 from Patent EP1572962.
LF383492 - JP 2014500723-A/190995: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA619069 - JP 2018138019-A/190995: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF211142 - JP 2014500723-A/18645: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA446719 - JP 2018138019-A/18645: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
JD425990 - Sequence 407014 from Patent EP1572962.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
hsa04114 - Oocyte meiosis
hsa04270 - Vascular smooth muscle contraction
hsa04510 - Focal adhesion
hsa04720 - Long-term potentiation
hsa04810 - Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
hsa04910 - Insulin signaling pathway

Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P62136 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-180038 DARPP-32 phosphorylated on T34 binds to PP1, inhibiting its function
R-HSA-178189 SMAD7 recruits GADD34:PP1 to phosphorylated TGFBR
R-HSA-178178 PP1 dephosphorylates TGFBR1
R-HSA-163568 phosphorylated perilipin + H2O -> perilipin + orthophosphate
R-HSA-180024 DARPP-32 events
R-HSA-111885 Opioid Signalling
R-HSA-2173788 Downregulation of TGF-beta receptor signaling
R-HSA-163560 Triglyceride catabolism
R-HSA-418594 G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-2173789 TGF-beta receptor signaling activates SMADs
R-HSA-8979227 Triglyceride metabolism
R-HSA-388396 GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-170834 Signaling by TGF-beta Receptor Complex
R-HSA-556833 Metabolism of lipids
R-HSA-372790 Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-9006936 Signaling by TGF-beta family members
R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: B2R908, ENST00000312989.1, ENST00000312989.10, ENST00000312989.2, ENST00000312989.3, ENST00000312989.4, ENST00000312989.5, ENST00000312989.6, ENST00000312989.7, ENST00000312989.8, ENST00000312989.9, NM_001008709, P08129, P20653, P22802, P62136, PP1A_HUMAN, PPP1A, Q07161, uc001oku.1, uc001oku.2
UCSC ID: ENST00000312989.11
RefSeq Accession: NM_001008709
Protein: P62136 (aka PP1A_HUMAN)
CCDS: CCDS8160.1, CCDS31618.1

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.