Human Gene SPN (ENST00000395389.2) from GENCODE V44
Description: Homo sapiens sialophorin (SPN), transcript variant 1, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_001030288) RefSeq Summary (NM_001030288): This gene encodes a highly sialylated glycoprotein that functions in antigen-specific activation of T cells, and is found on the surface of thymocytes, T lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and some B lymphocytes. It contains a mucin-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane region and a carboxy-terminal intracellular region. The extracellular domain has a high proportion of serine and threonine residues, allowing extensive O-glycosylation, and has one potential N-glycosylation site, while the carboxy-terminal region has potential phosphorylation sites that may mediate transduction of activation signals. Different glycoforms of this protein have been described. In stimulated immune cells, proteolytic cleavage of the extracellular domain occurs in some cell types, releasing a soluble extracellular fragment. Defects in expression of this gene are associated with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]. Gencode Transcript: ENST00000395389.2 Gencode Gene: ENSG00000197471.12 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg38 chr16:29,662,979-29,665,527 Size: 2,549 Total Exon Count: 2 Strand: + Coding Region Position: hg38 chr16:29,663,729-29,664,931 Size: 1,203 Coding Exon Count: 1
ID:LEUK_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Leukosialin; AltName: Full=Galactoglycoprotein; Short=GALGP; AltName: Full=Leukocyte sialoglycoprotein; AltName: Full=Sialophorin; AltName: CD_antigen=CD43; Flags: Precursor; FUNCTION: One of the major glycoproteins of thymocytes and T lymphocytes. Plays a role in the physicochemical properties of the T-cell surface and in lectin binding. Presents carbohydrate ligands to selectins. Has an extended rodlike structure that could protrude above the glycocalyx of the cell and allow multiple glycan chains to be accessible for binding. Is a counter-receptor for SN/Siglec-1 (By similarity). During T-cell activation is actively removed from the T-cell-APC (antigen-presenting cell) contact site thus suggesting a negative regulatory role in adaptive immune response (By similarity). SUBUNIT: Interacts with HIPK2 via the cytoplasmic domain. Interacts with RDX (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Cell surface of thymocytes, T-lymphocytes, neutrophils, plasma cells and myelomas. PTM: Glycosylated; has a high content of sialic acid and O-linked carbohydrate structures.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
Protein Domain and Structure Information
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P16150
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0004888 transmembrane signaling receptor activity GO:0030544 Hsp70 protein binding GO:0031072 heat shock protein binding
Biological Process: GO:0002296 T-helper 1 cell lineage commitment GO:0006935 chemotaxis GO:0006955 immune response GO:0006968 cellular defense response GO:0007162 negative regulation of cell adhesion GO:0007163 establishment or maintenance of cell polarity GO:0007165 signal transduction GO:0032609 interferon-gamma production GO:0042130 negative regulation of T cell proliferation GO:0042535 positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process GO:0042742 defense response to bacterium GO:0050863 regulation of T cell activation GO:0050900 leukocyte migration GO:0050901 leukocyte tethering or rolling GO:2000404 regulation of T cell migration GO:2000406 positive regulation of T cell migration
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