Human Gene GALR1 (ENST00000299727.5) from GENCODE V44
  Description: Homo sapiens galanin receptor 1 (GALR1), mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_001480)
RefSeq Summary (NM_001480): The neuropeptide galanin elicits a range of biological effects by interaction with specific G-protein-coupled receptors. Galanin receptors are seven-transmembrane proteins shown to activate a variety of intracellular second-messenger pathways. GALR1 inhibits adenylyl cyclase via a G protein of the Gi/Go family. GALR1 is widely expressed in the brain and spinal cord, as well as in peripheral sites such as the small intestine and heart. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]. Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000299727.5
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000166573.6
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg38 chr18:77,249,848-77,277,900 Size: 28,053 Total Exon Count: 3 Strand: +
Coding Region
   Position: hg38 chr18:77,250,549-77,268,902 Size: 18,354 Coding Exon Count: 3 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersCTDRNA-Seq Expression
Microarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther SpeciesGO AnnotationsmRNA Descriptions
PathwaysOther NamesMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2023-08-18 00:09:47

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr18:77,249,848-77,277,900)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (349 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAGene interactionsTable SchemaAlphaFold
BioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGencodeGeneCards
HGNCHPRDLynxMalacardsMGIneXtProt
OMIMPubMedReactomeUniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: GALR1_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Galanin receptor type 1; Short=GAL1-R; Short=GALR-1;
FUNCTION: Receptor for the hormone galanin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
PTM: Palmitoylated on at least one of the three cysteine residues present in the C-terminal part.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 1.46 RPKM in Pituitary
Total median expression: 4.48 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -346.00701-0.494 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -2558.508998-0.284 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR000276 - 7TM_GPCR_Rhodpsn
IPR000405 - Galanin_rcpt
IPR003906 - Galnin_1_rcpt
IPR017452 - GPCR_Rhodpsn_supfam

Pfam Domains:
PF00001 - 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family)

ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P47211
FrontTopSide
The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
Genome BrowserGenome BrowserGenome BrowserGenome BrowserNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene Details     
Gene Sorter     
MGIRGDEnsemblEnsembl  
Protein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein Sequence  
AlignmentAlignmentAlignmentAlignment  

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0004871 signal transducer activity
GO:0004930 G-protein coupled receptor activity
GO:0004966 galanin receptor activity
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0017046 peptide hormone binding
GO:0042923 neuropeptide binding

Biological Process:
GO:0007165 signal transduction
GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007189 adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007194 negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity
GO:0007204 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
GO:0007218 neuropeptide signaling pathway
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0051464 positive regulation of cortisol secretion
GO:0007200 phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway

Cellular Component:
GO:0005622 intracellular
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
GO:0005887 integral component of plasma membrane
GO:0016020 membrane
GO:0016021 integral component of membrane


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  AH007062 - Homo sapiens chromosome 18 galanin receptor (GALNR) gene, complete cds.
JD445566 - Sequence 426590 from Patent EP1572962.
JD381691 - Sequence 362715 from Patent EP1572962.
JD461821 - Sequence 442845 from Patent EP1572962.
JD098778 - Sequence 79802 from Patent EP1572962.
JD057030 - Sequence 38054 from Patent EP1572962.
JD455500 - Sequence 436524 from Patent EP1572962.
JD116327 - Sequence 97351 from Patent EP1572962.
JD535406 - Sequence 516430 from Patent EP1572962.
JD231131 - Sequence 212155 from Patent EP1572962.
JD360776 - Sequence 341800 from Patent EP1572962.
JD416021 - Sequence 397045 from Patent EP1572962.
AY541036 - Homo sapiens galanin receptor 1 mRNA, complete cds.
U23854 - Human galanin receptor mRNA, complete cds.
BC095530 - Homo sapiens galanin receptor 1, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:111748 IMAGE:6971910), complete cds.
L34339 - Human galanin receptor mRNA, complete cds.
U53511 - Homo sapiens galanin receptor (Gal1-R) mRNA, complete cds.
JD507137 - Sequence 488161 from Patent EP1572962.
JD208498 - Sequence 189522 from Patent EP1572962.
JD250375 - Sequence 231399 from Patent EP1572962.
JD430695 - Sequence 411719 from Patent EP1572962.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
hsa04080 - Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction

Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P47211 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-389026 Galanin receptors can bind galanin
R-HSA-749454 The Ligand:GPCR:Gi complex dissociates
R-HSA-749456 Liganded Gi-activating GPCRs bind inactive heterotrimeric G-protein Gi
R-HSA-380073 Liganded Gi-activating GPCR acts as a GEF for Gi
R-HSA-375276 Peptide ligand-binding receptors
R-HSA-418594 G alpha (i) signalling events
R-HSA-373076 Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
R-HSA-388396 GPCR downstream signalling
R-HSA-500792 GPCR ligand binding
R-HSA-372790 Signaling by GPCR
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: ENST00000299727.1, ENST00000299727.2, ENST00000299727.3, ENST00000299727.4, GALNR, GALNR1, GALR1_HUMAN, NM_001480, P47211, Q4VBL7, uc002lms.1, uc002lms.2, uc002lms.3, uc002lms.4, uc002lms.5, uc002lms.6
UCSC ID: ENST00000299727.5
RefSeq Accession: NM_001480
Protein: P47211 (aka GALR1_HUMAN)
CCDS: CCDS12012.1

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.