Human Gene RALGDS (ENST00000372050.8) from GENCODE V44
  Description: Homo sapiens ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RALGDS), transcript variant 1, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_006266)
RefSeq Summary (NM_006266): Guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulators (GDSs, or exchange factors), such as RALGDS, are effectors of Ras-related GTPases (see MIM 190020) that participate in signaling for a variety of cellular processes.[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2010].
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000372050.8
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000160271.16
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg38 chr9:133,097,722-133,121,240 Size: 23,519 Total Exon Count: 18 Strand: -
Coding Region
   Position: hg38 chr9:133,098,587-133,121,154 Size: 22,568 Coding Exon Count: 18 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
RNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther SpeciesGO Annotations
mRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2023-08-18 00:09:47

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr9:133,097,722-133,121,240)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (914 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAVisiGeneGene interactionsTable Schema
AlphaFoldBioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGencode
GeneCardsHGNCHPRDLynxMalacardsMGI
neXtProtOMIMPubMedReactomeUniProtKBWikipedia
BioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: GNDS_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator; Short=RalGDS; AltName: Full=Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factor; Short=RalGEF;
FUNCTION: Stimulates the dissociation of GDP from the Ras-related RalA and RalB GTPases which allows GTP binding and activation of the GTPases. Interacts and acts as an effector molecule for R-Ras, H-Ras, K-Ras, and Rap.
SUBUNIT: Interacts with RIT1 and RIT2 (By similarity).
DOMAIN: The Ras-associating domain interacts with Ras.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 N-terminal Ras-GEF domain.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 Ras-associating domain.
SIMILARITY: Contains 1 Ras-GEF domain.

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: RALGDS
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: aortic valve insufficiency (6), afibrinogenemia, congenital (4)

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 61.38 RPKM in Brain - Cerebellum
Total median expression: 1001.92 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -49.3086-0.573 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -332.20865-0.384 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR015758 - RalGDS
IPR000159 - Ras-assoc
IPR000651 - Ras-like_Gua-exchang_fac_N
IPR019804 - Ras_G-nucl-exch_fac_CS
IPR008937 - Ras_GEF
IPR023578 - Ras_GEF_dom
IPR001895 - RasGRF_CDC25

Pfam Domains:
PF00788 - Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain
PF00617 - RasGEF domain
PF00618 - RasGEF N-terminal motif

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
1RAX - NMR MuPIT 2B3A - NMR MuPIT 2RGF - NMR MuPIT 3KH0 - X-ray MuPIT


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q12967
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The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
Genome BrowserGenome BrowserNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene Details     
Gene Sorter     
MGIRGD    
Protein SequenceProtein Sequence    
AlignmentAlignment    

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0005085 guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0030695 GTPase regulator activity

Biological Process:
GO:0007165 signal transduction
GO:0007264 small GTPase mediated signal transduction
GO:0007265 Ras protein signal transduction
GO:0050790 regulation of catalytic activity

Cellular Component:
GO:0005634 nucleus
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
GO:0005903 brush border


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  BC033198 - Homo sapiens, clone IMAGE:4852125, mRNA, partial cds.
AK000242 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ20235 fis, clone COLF5699, highly similar to U14417 Human Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.
AF027169 - Homo sapiens Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator A mRNA, complete cds.
AB037729 - Homo sapiens mRNA for KIAA1308 protein, partial cds.
AK127524 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ45617 fis, clone BRTHA3026916, highly similar to Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.
BC040737 - Homo sapiens ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:5726940), with apparent retained intron.
AK090450 - Homo sapiens mRNA for FLJ00371 protein.
AK074114 - Homo sapiens mRNA for FLJ00185 protein.
BC021581 - Homo sapiens, clone IMAGE:4854179, mRNA, partial cds.
AK024575 - Homo sapiens cDNA: FLJ20922 fis, clone ADSE00885, highly similar to HSU14417 Human Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator mRNA.
BC059362 - Homo sapiens ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:71522 IMAGE:30340922), complete cds.
AK056462 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ31900 fis, clone NT2RP7004196, highly similar to Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.
AK293997 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ55326 complete cds, highly similar to Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.
AF295773 - Homo sapiens ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RALGDS) mRNA, complete cds.
JD189567 - Sequence 170591 from Patent EP1572962.
JD247567 - Sequence 228591 from Patent EP1572962.
JD527422 - Sequence 508446 from Patent EP1572962.
AK301470 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ53221 complete cds, highly similar to Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator.
JD537549 - Sequence 518573 from Patent EP1572962.
JD107851 - Sequence 88875 from Patent EP1572962.
JD529597 - Sequence 510621 from Patent EP1572962.
JD478290 - Sequence 459314 from Patent EP1572962.
JD188756 - Sequence 169780 from Patent EP1572962.
U14417 - Human Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator mRNA, partial cds.
JD361174 - Sequence 342198 from Patent EP1572962.
GQ129266 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone HAIB:100068567; DKFZo008C0235 ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator protein (RALGDS) gene, complete cds.
GQ129265 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone HAIB:100068664; DKFZo004C0236 ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator protein (RALGDS) gene, partial cds.
BC150504 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:40131537, partial cds.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
hsa05200 - Pathways in cancer
hsa05210 - Colorectal cancer
hsa05212 - Pancreatic cancer

BioCarta from NCI Cancer Genome Anatomy Project
h_rasPathway - Ras Signaling Pathway

Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein Q12967 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-170986 Ral-GDS binds to Ras-GTP
R-HSA-171026 Guanine nucleotide exchange on RAL
R-HSA-171007 p38MAPK events
R-HSA-167044 Signalling to RAS
R-HSA-187687 Signalling to ERKs
R-HSA-187037 Signaling by NTRK1 (TRKA)
R-HSA-166520 Signaling by NTRKs
R-HSA-9006934 Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
R-HSA-162582 Signal Transduction

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: ENST00000372050.1, ENST00000372050.2, ENST00000372050.3, ENST00000372050.4, ENST00000372050.5, ENST00000372050.6, ENST00000372050.7, GNDS_HUMAN, KIAA1308, NM_006266, Q12967, Q5T7V4, Q6KH11, Q9HAX7, Q9HAY1, Q9HCT1, Q9P2N8, RGF, uc004cco.1, uc004cco.2, uc004cco.3, uc004cco.4, uc004cco.5, uc004cco.6
UCSC ID: ENST00000372050.8
RefSeq Accession: NM_006266
Protein: Q12967 (aka GNDS_HUMAN)
CCDS: CCDS6959.1, CCDS65172.1

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.