Mouse Gene Mef2a (ENSMUST00000032776.14) from GENCODE VM23 Comprehensive Transcript Set (only Basic displayed by default)
Description: Transcriptional activator which binds specifically to the MEF2 element, 5'-YTA[AT](4)TAR-3', found in numerous muscle- specific genes. Also involved in the activation of numerous growth factor- and stress-induced genes. Mediates cellular functions not only in skeletal and cardiac muscle development, but also in neuronal differentiation and survival. Plays diverse roles in the control of cell growth, survival and apoptosis via p38 MAPK signaling in muscle-specific and/or growth factor-related transcription. In cerebellar granule neurons, phosphorylated and sumoylated MEF2A represses transcription of NUR77 promoting synaptic differentiation (By similarity). (from UniProt Q60929) Gencode Transcript: ENSMUST00000032776.14 Gencode Gene: ENSMUSG00000030557.17 Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: mm10 chr7:67,234,207-67,372,858 Size: 138,652 Total Exon Count: 11 Strand: - Coding Region Position: mm10 chr7:67,234,868-67,316,845 Size: 81,978 Coding Exon Count: 9
ID:MEF2A_MOUSE DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A; FUNCTION: Transcriptional activator which binds specifically to the MEF2 element, 5'-YTA[AT](4)TAR-3', found in numerous muscle- specific genes. Also involved in the activation of numerous growth factor- and stress-induced genes. Mediates cellular functions not only in skeletal and cardiac muscle development, but also in neuronal differentiation and survival. Plays diverse roles in the control of cell growth, survival and apoptosis via p38 MAPK signaling in muscle-specific and/or growth factor-related transcription. In cerebellar granule neurons, phosphorylated and sumoylated MEF2A represses transcription of NUR77 promoting synaptic differentiation (By similarity). SUBUNIT: Binds DNA as a homo- or heterodimer. Dimerizes with MEF2D. Interacts with HDAC7. Interacts with PIAS1; the interaction enhances sumoylation. Interacts with HDAC4, HDAC9 and SLC2A4RG. Interacts (via the N-terminal) with MAPK7; the interaction results in the phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of MEF2A (By similarity). INTERACTION: P70257-2:Nfix; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-2639094, EBI-2639084; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed though mainly restricted to skeletal and cardiac muscle, brain, neurons and lymphocytes. Differentially expressed depending on if isoforms contain the beta domain or not, with the total expression of the beta domain- lacking isoforms vastly exceding that of the beta domain- containing isoforms. Isoforms containing the beta domain are expressed primarily in skeletal and cardiac muscle and in brain. Also present in lung and testis. Splicing to include the beta domain is induced in differentiating myocytes. Isoforms lacking the beta domain are expressed less abundantly in skeletal muscle, brain and lymphocytes, and are uniquely found in ovary, liver, spleen and kidney. In embryos, the beta domain-containing and beta domain-lacking isoforms are equally expressed. Also expressed cerebellar granule neurons and other regions of the CNS. Highest levels in the olfactory bulb, cortex, hippocampus, thalamus and cerebellum. DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: In the developing cerebellum, increasing levels after birth. The majority of this increase occurs around postnataL day 9 reaching a peak at postnatal day 15-18 which is maintained in adults. DOMAIN: The beta domain, missing in a number of isoforms, is required for enhancement of transcriptional activity (By similarity). PTM: Constitutive phosphorylation on Ser-406 promotes Lys-401 sumoylation thus preventing acetylation at this site. Dephosphorylation on Ser-406 by PPP3CA upon neuron depolarization promotes a switch from sumoylation to acetylation on residue Lys- 403 leading to inhibition of dendrite claw differentiation. Phosphorylation on Thr-312 and Thr-319 are the main sites involved in p38 MAPK signaling and activate transcription. Phosphorylated on these sites by MAPK14/p38alpha and MAPK11/p38beta, but not by MAPK13/p38delta nor by MAPK12/p38gamma. Phosphorylation on Ser-408 by CDK5 induced by neurotoxicity inhibits MEF2A transcriptional activation leading to apoptosis of cortical neurons. Phosphorylation on Thr-312, Thr-319 and Ser-355 can be induced by EGF (By similarity). Isoform 3 is phosphorylated on Ser-98 and Thr-108. PTM: Sumoylation on Lys-401 is enhanced by PIAS1 and represses transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation on Ser-406 is required for sumoylation. Has no effect on nuclear location nor on DNA binding. Sumoylated with SUMO1 and, to a lesser extent with SUMO2 and SUMO3. PIASx facilitates sumoylation in postsynaptic dendrites in the cerebellar cortex and promotes their morphogenesis (By similarity). PTM: Acetylation on Lys-401 activates transcriptional activity. Acetylated by p300 on several sites in diffentiating myocytes. Acetylation on Lys-4 increases DNA binding and transactivation. Hyperacetylation by p300 leads to enhanced cardiac myocyte growth and heart failure (By similarity). PTM: Proteolytically cleaved in cerebellar granule neurons on several sites by caspase 3 and caspase 7 following neurotoxicity. Preferentially cleaves the CDK5-mediated hyperphosphorylated form which leads to neuron apoptosis and transcriptional inactivation (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MEF2 family. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 MADS-box domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 Mef2-type DNA-binding domain.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q60929
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
US Server
