Human Gene RAD52 (uc001qis.1)
  Description: Homo sapiens RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae) (RAD52), mRNA.
RefSeq Summary (NM_134424): The protein encoded by this gene shares similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad52, a protein important for DNA double-strand break repair and homologous recombination. This gene product was shown to bind single-stranded DNA ends, and mediate the DNA-DNA interaction necessary for the annealing of complementary DNA strands. It was also found to interact with DNA recombination protein RAD51, which suggested its role in RAD51 related DNA recombination and repair. A pseudogene of this gene is present on chromosome 2. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Additional alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014].
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg19 chr12:1,021,255-1,058,863 Size: 37,609 Total Exon Count: 12 Strand: -
Coding Region
   Position: hg19 chr12:1,022,557-1,042,224 Size: 19,668 Coding Exon Count: 11 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersGenetic AssociationsCTD
Gene AllelesRNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther Species
GO AnnotationsmRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesModel InformationMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2013-06-14

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr12:1,021,255-1,058,863)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (418 aa)
Gene SorterGenome BrowserOther Species FASTAVisiGeneGene interactionsTable Schema
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PubMedReactomeTreefamUniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: RAD52_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog;
FUNCTION: Involved in double-stranded break repair. Plays a central role in genetic recombination and DNA repair by promoting the annealing of complementary single-stranded DNA and by stimulation of the RAD51 recombinase.
SUBUNIT: Forms a undecameric ring. Interacts with ABL1.
INTERACTION: Q06609:RAD51; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-706448, EBI-297202; P35244:RPA3; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-706448, EBI-621428; Q14191:WRN; NbExp=9; IntAct=EBI-706448, EBI-368417;
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus (Potential).
PTM: Phosphorylated upon DNA damage by ABL1, and probably by ATM or ATR.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RAD52 family.
WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/rad52/";

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  Genetic Association Studies of Complex Diseases and Disorders
  Genetic Association Database (archive): RAD52
CDC HuGE Published Literature: RAD52
Positive Disease Associations: Alcoholism
Related Studies:
  1. Alcoholism
    , , . [PubMed 0]

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

+  Common Gene Haplotype Alleles
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 7.72 RPKM in Brain - Cerebellum
Total median expression: 200.71 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -25.32114-0.222 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -368.051302-0.283 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR004585 - DNA_recomb/repair_Rad52
IPR007232 - Rad52_Rad22

Pfam Domains:
PF04098 - Rad52/22 family double-strand break repair protein

SCOP Domains:
54768 - dsRNA-binding domain-like

Protein Data Bank (PDB) 3-D Structure
MuPIT help
1H2I - X-ray MuPIT 1KN0 - X-ray MuPIT


ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on P43351
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The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
No orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo orthologNo ortholog
Gene Details     
Gene Sorter     
      
      
      

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0003677 DNA binding
GO:0003697 single-stranded DNA binding
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0042802 identical protein binding

Biological Process:
GO:0000724 double-strand break repair via homologous recombination
GO:0000730 DNA recombinase assembly
GO:0006281 DNA repair
GO:0006302 double-strand break repair
GO:0006310 DNA recombination
GO:0006974 cellular response to DNA damage stimulus
GO:0010792 DNA double-strand break processing involved in repair via single-strand annealing
GO:0034599 cellular response to oxidative stress
GO:0045002 double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing
GO:0051260 protein homooligomerization
GO:2000819 regulation of nucleotide-excision repair

Cellular Component:
GO:0005634 nucleus
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
GO:0032991 macromolecular complex
GO:0032993 protein-DNA complex


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  BC042136 - Homo sapiens RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae), mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:5802809), with apparent retained intron.
AF125948 - Homo sapiens DNA repair protein RAD52 delta isoform (RAD52) mRNA, alternatively spliced, complete cds.
L33262 - Homo sapiens DNA repair and recombination homologue (RAD52) gene, complete cds.
AF125949 - Homo sapiens DNA repair protein RAD52 gamma isoform (RAD52) mRNA, alternatively spliced, complete cds.
AK290047 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ77029 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae) (RAD52), transcript variant alpha, mRNA.
AK299283 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ57177 complete cds, highly similar to DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog.
BC114507 - Homo sapiens RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae), mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:40024511).
BC104015 - Homo sapiens RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae), mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:40024504), partial cds.
BC104016 - Homo sapiens RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae), mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:40024507).
BC104017 - Homo sapiens RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae), mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:40024509), partial cds.
BC114954 - Homo sapiens RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae), mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:40024512), complete cds.
AK294709 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ56674 complete cds, highly similar to DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog.
AK292160 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ76573 complete cds, highly similar to Homo sapiens RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae) (RAD52), transcript variant gamma, mRNA.
AK312026 - Homo sapiens cDNA, FLJ92302, Homo sapiens RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae) (RAD52), transcriptvariant delta, mRNA.
U12134 - Human DNA damage repair and recombination protein RAD52 mRNA, complete cds.
U27516 - Human recombination protein RAD52 mRNA, complete cds.
BC144458 - Homo sapiens cDNA clone IMAGE:9052984.
JD172470 - Sequence 153494 from Patent EP1572962.
JD539568 - Sequence 520592 from Patent EP1572962.
JD523641 - Sequence 504665 from Patent EP1572962.
JD042671 - Sequence 23695 from Patent EP1572962.
JD215068 - Sequence 196092 from Patent EP1572962.
JD083432 - Sequence 64456 from Patent EP1572962.
JD047033 - Sequence 28057 from Patent EP1572962.
JD427305 - Sequence 408329 from Patent EP1572962.
JD241332 - Sequence 222356 from Patent EP1572962.
JD356864 - Sequence 337888 from Patent EP1572962.
JD313398 - Sequence 294422 from Patent EP1572962.
JD121135 - Sequence 102159 from Patent EP1572962.
JD456516 - Sequence 437540 from Patent EP1572962.
JD262215 - Sequence 243239 from Patent EP1572962.
JD376234 - Sequence 357258 from Patent EP1572962.
JD515941 - Sequence 496965 from Patent EP1572962.
JD293653 - Sequence 274677 from Patent EP1572962.
JD467500 - Sequence 448524 from Patent EP1572962.
JD192571 - Sequence 173595 from Patent EP1572962.
JD550399 - Sequence 531423 from Patent EP1572962.
JD329801 - Sequence 310825 from Patent EP1572962.
JD441728 - Sequence 422752 from Patent EP1572962.
AY540753 - Homo sapiens rhabdomyosarcoma antigen MU-RMS-40.23 (RAD52) mRNA, complete cds.
JD363125 - Sequence 344149 from Patent EP1572962.
JD046149 - Sequence 27173 from Patent EP1572962.
JD372371 - Sequence 353395 from Patent EP1572962.
JD288239 - Sequence 269263 from Patent EP1572962.
JD557107 - Sequence 538131 from Patent EP1572962.
JD454242 - Sequence 435266 from Patent EP1572962.
JD052003 - Sequence 33027 from Patent EP1572962.
JD267448 - Sequence 248472 from Patent EP1572962.
JD510925 - Sequence 491949 from Patent EP1572962.
BC160123 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100064155, MGC:193238 RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae) (RAD52) mRNA, encodes complete protein.
AB528581 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB0498, Homo sapiens RAD52 gene for RAD52 homolog, without stop codon, in Flexi system.
JD276870 - Sequence 257894 from Patent EP1572962.
JD203932 - Sequence 184956 from Patent EP1572962.
JD195461 - Sequence 176485 from Patent EP1572962.
JD492586 - Sequence 473610 from Patent EP1572962.
JD309660 - Sequence 290684 from Patent EP1572962.
JD068975 - Sequence 49999 from Patent EP1572962.
JD394808 - Sequence 375832 from Patent EP1572962.
JD463687 - Sequence 444711 from Patent EP1572962.
JD128975 - Sequence 109999 from Patent EP1572962.
JD050970 - Sequence 31994 from Patent EP1572962.
JD355565 - Sequence 336589 from Patent EP1572962.
AF125950 - Homo sapiens DNA repair protein RAD52 beta isoform (RAD52) mRNA, alternatively spliced, complete cds.
JD560068 - Sequence 541092 from Patent EP1572962.
JD182899 - Sequence 163923 from Patent EP1572962.
JD077853 - Sequence 58877 from Patent EP1572962.
JD378908 - Sequence 359932 from Patent EP1572962.
JD450438 - Sequence 431462 from Patent EP1572962.
CQ873742 - Sequence 161 from Patent WO2004076622.
DD413579 - Regulation of Mammalian Cells.
JD251509 - Sequence 232533 from Patent EP1572962.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
hsa03440 - Homologous recombination

Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein P43351 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-75998 Formation of RAD52 heptameric ring structure complexes
R-HSA-4568863 SUMOylation of RAD52 with SUMO1
R-HSA-5686587 ABL1 phosphorylates RAD52
R-HSA-5693580 Association of RAD52 with the RPA complex at resected DNA DSBs
R-HSA-5686657 ERCC1:XPF cleaves flaps generated by SSA
R-HSA-5693564 Association of RAD51 with RAD52:DNA double-strand break ends
R-HSA-5686642 RAD52 promotes single strand annealing at resected DNA DSBs
R-HSA-5685938 HDR through Single Strand Annealing (SSA)
R-HSA-3108214 SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins
R-HSA-5693567 HDR through Homologous Recombination (HR) or Single Strand Annealing (SSA)
R-HSA-3108232 SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins
R-HSA-5693538 Homology Directed Repair
R-HSA-2990846 SUMOylation
R-HSA-5693532 DNA Double-Strand Break Repair
R-HSA-597592 Post-translational protein modification
R-HSA-73894 DNA Repair
R-HSA-392499 Metabolism of proteins

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: NM_134424, NP_602296, P43351, Q13205, RAD52_HUMAN
UCSC ID: uc001qis.1
RefSeq Accession: NM_134424
Protein: P43351 (aka RAD52_HUMAN or RA52_HUMAN)
CCDS: CCDS8507.2

-  Gene Model Information
 
category: coding nonsense-mediated-decay: no RNA accession: NM_134424.2
exon count: 12CDS single in 3' UTR: no RNA size: 2673
ORF size: 1257CDS single in intron: no Alignment % ID: 100.00
txCdsPredict score: 2638.00frame shift in genome: no % Coverage: 100.00
has start codon: yes stop codon in genome: no # of Alignments: 1
has end codon: yes retained intron: no # AT/AC introns 0
selenocysteine: no end bleed into intron: 0# strange splices: 0
Click here for a detailed description of the fields of the table above.

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.