Human Gene CDC45 (ENST00000263201.7) from GENCODE V44
  Description: Homo sapiens cell division cycle 45 (CDC45), transcript variant 2, mRNA. (from RefSeq NM_003504)
RefSeq Summary (NM_003504): The protein encoded by this gene was identified by its strong similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc45, an essential protein required to the initiation of DNA replication. Cdc45 is a member of the highly conserved multiprotein complex including Cdc6/Cdc18, the minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCMs) and DNA polymerase, which is important for early steps of DNA replication in eukaryotes. This protein has been shown to interact with MCM7 and DNA polymerase alpha. Studies of the similar gene in Xenopus suggested that this protein play a pivotal role in the loading of DNA polymerase alpha onto chromatin. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]. Sequence Note: The RefSeq transcript and protein were derived from genomic sequence to make the sequence consistent with the reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the transcript record were based on alignments.
Gencode Transcript: ENST00000263201.7
Gencode Gene: ENSG00000093009.11
Transcript (Including UTRs)
   Position: hg38 chr22:19,479,920-19,520,608 Size: 40,689 Total Exon Count: 19 Strand: +
Coding Region
   Position: hg38 chr22:19,479,969-19,518,908 Size: 38,940 Coding Exon Count: 18 

Page IndexSequence and LinksUniProtKB CommentsPrimersMalaCardsCTD
RNA-Seq ExpressionMicroarray ExpressionRNA StructureProtein StructureOther SpeciesGO Annotations
mRNA DescriptionsPathwaysOther NamesMethods
Data last updated at UCSC: 2023-08-18 00:09:47

-  Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases
 
Genomic Sequence (chr22:19,479,920-19,520,608)mRNA (may differ from genome)Protein (566 aa)
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BioGPSEnsemblEntrez GeneExonPrimerGencodeGeneCards
HGNCHPRDLynxMalacardsMGIneXtProt
OMIMPubMedReactomeUniProtKBWikipediaBioGrid CRISPR DB

-  Comments and Description Text from UniProtKB
  ID: CDC45_HUMAN
DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=Cell division control protein 45 homolog; AltName: Full=PORC-PI-1;
FUNCTION: Required for initiation of chromosomal DNA replication.
SUBUNIT: Associated with ORC2.
INTERACTION: Q92547:TOPBP1; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-374969, EBI-308302;
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus.
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed, highest levels are found in adult testis and thymus and in fetal liver.
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Transcript peaks at G1-S transition, but total protein remains constant throughout the cell cycle. Expressed in multiple tissues during embryogenesis, including neural crest-derived structures.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CDC45 family.
WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/cdc45l/";

-  Primer design for this transcript
 

Primer3Plus can design qPCR Primers that straddle exon-exon-junctions, which amplify only cDNA, not genomic DNA.
Click here to load the transcript sequence and exon structure into Primer3Plus

Exonprimer can design one pair of Sanger sequencing primers around every exon, located in non-genic sequence.
Click here to open Exonprimer with this transcript

To design primers for a non-coding sequence, zoom to a region of interest and select from the drop-down menu: View > In External Tools > Primer3


-  MalaCards Disease Associations
  MalaCards Gene Search: CDC45
Diseases sorted by gene-association score: meier-gorlin syndrome 7* (900), meier-gorlin syndrome 1* (138), rothmund-thomson syndrome (8)
* = Manually curated disease association

-  Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
  The following chemicals interact with this gene           more ... click here to view the complete list

-  RNA-Seq Expression Data from GTEx (53 Tissues, 570 Donors)
  Highest median expression: 24.31 RPKM in Testis
Total median expression: 56.61 RPKM



View in GTEx track of Genome Browser    View at GTEx portal     View GTEx Body Map

+  Microarray Expression Data
  Press "+" in the title bar above to open this section.

-  mRNA Secondary Structure of 3' and 5' UTRs
 
RegionFold EnergyBasesEnergy/Base
Display As
5' UTR -21.3049-0.435 Picture PostScript Text
3' UTR -21.30129-0.165 Picture PostScript Text

The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.

-  Protein Domain and Structure Information
  InterPro Domains: Graphical view of domain structure
IPR003874 - CDC45

Pfam Domains:
PF02724 - CDC45-like protein

ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on O75419
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The pictures above may be empty if there is no ModBase structure for the protein. The ModBase structure frequently covers just a fragment of the protein. You may be asked to log onto ModBase the first time you click on the pictures. It is simplest after logging in to just click on the picture again to get to the specific info on that model.

-  Orthologous Genes in Other Species
  Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
MouseRatZebrafishD. melanogasterC. elegansS. cerevisiae
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Gene Details    Gene Details
Gene Sorter    Gene Sorter
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Protein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein SequenceProtein Sequence
AlignmentAlignmentAlignmentAlignmentAlignmentAlignment

-  Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
  Molecular Function:
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
GO:0003688 DNA replication origin binding
GO:0003697 single-stranded DNA binding
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0043138 3'-5' DNA helicase activity

Biological Process:
GO:0000076 DNA replication checkpoint
GO:0000082 G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
GO:0000083 regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
GO:0000727 double-strand break repair via break-induced replication
GO:0006260 DNA replication
GO:0006267 pre-replicative complex assembly involved in nuclear cell cycle DNA replication
GO:0006270 DNA replication initiation
GO:0007049 cell cycle
GO:0031938 regulation of chromatin silencing at telomere
GO:0032508 DNA duplex unwinding
GO:1900087 positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
GO:1902977 mitotic DNA replication preinitiation complex assembly

Cellular Component:
GO:0005634 nucleus
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
GO:0005656 nuclear pre-replicative complex
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
GO:0005813 centrosome
GO:0031261 DNA replication preinitiation complex
GO:0031298 replication fork protection complex


-  Descriptions from all associated GenBank mRNAs
  AK303274 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ53120 complete cds, highly similar to CDC45-related protein.
AK293123 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ50109 complete cds, highly similar to CDC45-related protein.
AY358971 - Homo sapiens clone DNA44161 CDC45L (UNQ374) mRNA, complete cds.
BC006232 - Homo sapiens CDC45 cell division cycle 45-like (S. cerevisiae), mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:10410 IMAGE:3946493), complete cds.
BC010022 - Homo sapiens CDC45 cell division cycle 45-like (S. cerevisiae), mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:19646 IMAGE:2964592), complete cds.
AK293338 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ60098 complete cds, highly similar to CDC45-related protein.
AF081535 - Homo sapiens CDC45L (CDC45L) mRNA, complete cds.
AJ223728 - Homo sapiens mRNA for CDC45 like protein (PORC-PI-1 gene).
AF053074 - Homo sapiens CDC45L mRNA, complete cds.
AK302590 - Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ60977 complete cds, highly similar to CDC45-related protein.
AF062495 - Homo sapiens Cdc45 mRNA, complete cds.
CT841513 - Homo sapiens CDC45L full length open reading frame (ORF) cDNA clone (cDNA clone C22ORF:pGEM.CDC45L.V7).
CU679577 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens gateway clone IMAGE:100019885 5' read CDC45L mRNA.
AB587488 - Synthetic construct DNA, clone: pF1KB8655, Homo sapiens CDC45L gene for CDC45 cell division cycle 45-like, without stop codon, in Flexi system.
CU013264 - Homo sapiens CDC45L, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:100000472), complete cds, without stop codon, in Gateway system.
DQ893790 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100008250; FLH164414.01L; RZPDo839G01161D CDC45 cell division cycle 45-like (S. cerevisiae) (CDC45L) gene, encodes complete protein.
DQ895890 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone IMAGE:100010350; FLH188658.01L; RZPDo839E0963D CDC45 cell division cycle 45-like (S. cerevisiae) (CDC45L) gene, encodes complete protein.
KJ897826 - Synthetic construct Homo sapiens clone ccsbBroadEn_07220 CDC45 gene, encodes complete protein.
BT006792 - Homo sapiens CDC45 cell division cycle 45-like (S. cerevisiae) mRNA, complete cds.
CU012976 - Homo sapiens CDC45L, mRNA (cDNA clone IMAGE:100000568), complete cds, with stop codon, in Gateway system.
DQ890621 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100003251; FLH164418.01X; RZPDo839G01162D CDC45 cell division cycle 45-like (S. cerevisiae) (CDC45L) gene, encodes complete protein.
DQ892651 - Synthetic construct clone IMAGE:100005281; FLH188662.01X; RZPDo839E0973D CDC45 cell division cycle 45-like (S. cerevisiae) (CDC45L) gene, encodes complete protein.
DQ580847 - Homo sapiens piRNA piR-48959, complete sequence.
HV558812 - WO 2011161960-A/7: C1orf59 for Target Genes of Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis.
LF383474 - JP 2014500723-A/190977: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA619051 - JP 2018138019-A/190977: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
LF210539 - JP 2014500723-A/18042: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA446116 - JP 2018138019-A/18042: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
JD145547 - Sequence 126571 from Patent EP1572962.
LF338632 - JP 2014500723-A/146135: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.
MA574209 - JP 2018138019-A/146135: Polycomb-Associated Non-Coding RNAs.

-  Biochemical and Signaling Pathways
  KEGG - Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
hsa04110 - Cell cycle

Reactome (by CSHL, EBI, and GO)

Protein O75419 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):

R-HSA-68917 Cdc45 associates with the pre-replicative complex at the origin
R-HSA-176942 Multiple proteins are localized at replication fork
R-HSA-68916 DNA Replication Factor A (RPA) associates with the pre-replicative complex at the origin
R-HSA-176318 Loading of claspin onto DNA during replication origin firing
R-HSA-176298 Activation of claspin
R-HSA-68962 Activation of the pre-replicative complex
R-HSA-176974 Unwinding of DNA
R-HSA-539107 Activation of E2F1 target genes at G1/S
R-HSA-176187 Activation of ATR in response to replication stress
R-HSA-69002 DNA Replication Pre-Initiation
R-HSA-69206 G1/S Transition
R-HSA-69190 DNA strand elongation
R-HSA-69205 G1/S-Specific Transcription
R-HSA-69481 G2/M Checkpoints
R-HSA-68874 M/G1 Transition
R-HSA-453279 Mitotic G1-G1/S phases
R-HSA-69239 Synthesis of DNA
R-HSA-69620 Cell Cycle Checkpoints
R-HSA-69278 Cell Cycle (Mitotic)
R-HSA-69306 DNA Replication
R-HSA-69242 S Phase
R-HSA-1640170 Cell Cycle

-  Other Names for This Gene
  Alternate Gene Symbols: B4DDB4, CDC45L, CDC45L2, CDC45_HUMAN, ENST00000263201.1, ENST00000263201.2, ENST00000263201.3, ENST00000263201.4, ENST00000263201.5, ENST00000263201.6, NM_003504, O60856, O75419, Q20WK8, Q6UW54, Q9UP68, uc062bmi.1, uc062bmi.2, uc062bmi.3, UNQ374/PRO710
UCSC ID: ENST00000263201.7
RefSeq Accession: NM_003504
Protein: O75419 (aka CDC45_HUMAN)
CCDS: CCDS13762.1

-  Methods, Credits, and Use Restrictions
  Click here for details on how this gene model was made and data restrictions if any.